The Research Of Feasibility And Difficulties In Implementing Flexible Retirement System In China

Retirement system in china has been implied in1950s according to those national conditions. In more than half a century, The average life expectancy, people’s health and medical condition have been improved much with economic and social development, especially in the condition of china’s aging of population aggravating and the pension payments’gap. So it is not suitable for us to imply the existing retirement system. Based on the trend of our present situation and international reform of retirement system, China must reform its retirement system too, especially introducing the flexible retirement system.By analyzing the international history of reform process and existing domestic situation, I mainly in the combination of quantitative and qualitative, involving the demographic, economics, sociology and so on.The basic idea is structured as follows:The first part is the introduction part of the article. A brief analysis of the article topic ideas, research method and process in and out. A summary of the approximate view of the domestic and foreign scholars for the reform of the retirement system.The second part is "How population aging affects our retirement system", This analysis is mainly from the two major aspects, the first aspect briefly introduces China’s current population aging condition, the coefficient of the standard of the elderly population and the2010s census data, the second aspect is which the challenges that our retirement system faces. The analysis is of five levels: retirement in advance, the improvement of the average life expectancy, differences of retirees, human resource and labor markets supplements.The third part is "The foreign flexible retirement system reform and enlightenment to China". For China, Foreign flexible retirement system reform and Enlightenment, through the analysis of several typical Western countries’the retirement system reform process and characteristics, such as:Germany-the pioneer of the modern insurance system countries, France-the practitioners of the National complementary pension insurance system, England-the representatives of Beveridge mode countries, The United States-the model of Part Fund System. The enlightenments are Legalization of retirement policy, the same retirement age of men and women, increasing of endowment insurance rate and years, the building of a multi-level pension insurance system, and flexible retirement in stages.The fourth part "the feasibility analysis of flexible retirement system" is about the favorable conditions and need of implementation of flexible retirement system. One hand, from the internal demand for flexible retirement system, the payment of pension, population structure, human resource and economic competitiveness. On the other hand, from the life expectancy, the employment age of highly educated people, the educational level, life cycle, demographic dividend and employment.The fifth part is "the design of flexible retirement system". Consider four major principles and several factors which are population life expectancy, health, industry sector, the degree of education, public opinion acceptance, social security contributions, pension benefits, and employment, I put forward the steps and ways of flexible retirement system reform.The sixth part is "the difficulties of a flexible retirement system implementation". This part is making of the opposition, different flexible standards, and the possible impact of the labor market, the immature market conditions and matching measures.The last part is the conclusion.This paper has following innovations:Given retirement system reform process of typical countries, such as Britain, France, the United States and Germany. The writer draws inspiration and direction of China’s reform. China’s reform should learn from foreign countries above. And legalizing the system, watching for small step forward, and safeguarding the interests of the people.This article has a more comprehensive analysis of necessity and feasibility of flexible retirement system, mainly by the inherent nature of the flexible system, the expected age of people, years of education, demographic changes, human capital, demographic dividend, life cycle theory, pension benefits, and labor market. And also has a full consideration for factors of the development of a flexible retirement system. Then I put forward three steps of the implementation of flexible retirement system.I summarize the difficulties in implementing process and put forward policy recommendations. Such as flexible standard is difficult to unify, the lack of recognition, the impact on the employment, the lack of job security mechanisms for the old, pension system reform is inadequate.Last I make a simple plan for the implementation of flexible retirement system, which has a certain practical significance.