Study On Demand And Suppyl Of New Rural Social Pension Insurance

According to international standards, China has entered the aging society since1999.According to the sixth national census data, the rural population is aging more serious.This has brought a serious challenge to the rural old-aged.With the development of the social and economic, those traditional old-age securitymodels can’t meet the retirement needs of the rural population longer, a large number offarmers have to shift from traditional pension to social pension, the contradiction betweensupply and demand of rural social insurance occurs. In September2009, the assurance ofdocument of NO.32by the State Council made a start of pilot of New Rural Social PensionInsurance within China. At present, a number of provinces and cities have achieved fullcoverage of the new system. However, from the perspective of the crowd full coverage, theimprovement of New Rural Social Pension Insurance system still has a long way to go. Inaddition, due to the imbalance regional economic development in china, there are largedifferences of development of new system between every areas, and difficulties inadvancing.This paper aims to do quantitative analysis about current supply and demand of thenew rural social pension insurance system and farmers’satisfaction and influencing factorsabout it, as well as a comparative analysis of satisfactions between two areas which havedifferent economic level, by questionnaire survey within some rural areas, in order toprovide a reference to successful promoting and improving of the new rural social pensioninsurance under the background of China’s imbalanced economic development.The principal part of demand of the new rural social pension insurance is farmer, andthe principal part of supply of it is government. In this paper, based on the theory of social security, sociology, economics, and public finance, from the perspective of the relationshipbetween supply and demand of the system, selecting Linxian and Jiexiu in Shanxi provincefor survey, it investigates500farmer about their recognitions, demand, participation,expectations, and satisfaction of the new system and analyses conditions of supply anddemand of those two counties. Then, based on the survey dates, it makessatisfaction-analysis by SEM (structural equation model), as well as the comparativesatisfaction-analysis of the two counties using multi-group structural equation model. Thesurvey shows that: the farmers have lower satisfaction with the current annual per capitanet income, higher satisfaction with the government behavior of establishing new ruralsocial pension insurance, and medium satisfaction with the monthly pension level. Theresult of analysis by the full model of SEM shows that: the expectations of the farmers onnew agricultural insurance affects their satisfaction significantly, the basic situation of thefarmers is also an important factor of impacting the satisfaction, farmers’ economicsituation, cognition, demand and participation and so have little significant effect onsatisfaction. The analysis by multi-group model of SEM indicate that there are significantdifferences in various hypothetical path between Linxian and Jiexiu, the satisfaction offarmers influences by their different levels of local socio-economic development. Inaddition, it derived the contradictions between supply and demand in China’s new ruralsocial pension insurance by analyzing, and to further analyze the causes of them. Finally,combining with the above results and to further consider the farmers’ demand for newpension insurance, in pursuit of a balance of supply and demand of the new insurance, itbrings some suggestions such as to improve implement policies connection with reality, toimprove farmers’ ability to pay for the insurance, to provide financial support for thesystem by governments and the collectivity as well as to improve other protectionmechanisms and so on.