Influence On Rural Man-Land Relationship Of Transformation Of Collective Forest Property Right System

With vast area of the collective forestry in China, the arrangement and transition of forestry property rights relate closely with the rural social and economic development, peasants’income changes, land use/cover, and variation in ecological environment. Confronted with the growing problems of man-land relations nowadays and new throughout tenure reforms in forestry property rights, this paper targets to typical villages in Jingshan county of Hubei Province,following the logic lines of construction of materials, phenomenon analysis, system exploration, policy feedback. We collect materials by combining the traditional survey and the modern information technology, try to sort out all the history route of the transition of collective forestry property rights since1949, explain the basic characteristic of man-land relations in different forestry property rights, unveil the law of influence of the collective forestry property rights to the transition in man-land relations territorial system, wind up with the optimizing thoughts in reforms in forestry property rights from the perspective of man-land relations and provide the scientific evidence for the for the adjustment in rural man-land relations and new reforms in forestry property rights. Furthermore, this study will develop and expand research contents and theoretical framework of human geography, especially rural geography.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1) Since the founding of New China, the evolution of collective forest tenure reform in Jingshan County had been through five periods. The first stage was allotting the forest to household of land reform period; the second was the primary stage that mountain and wood join into the company(The transition period that the private transforms into the collective); the third stage was the collective management stage of advanced cooperatives companies and the people’s commune period;the fourth was "forestry three determinations" that was allotting the forest to household; the fifth was the new round of collective forest rights reform in2007.(2) Accordingly, Since the founding of New China, the man-land relationship had experienced the following successive periods:the harmony period since land reform-the tension period of people’s commune-the discord period of "three determinations in forestry"-the relative harmony period of a new round of collective forest rights reform in 2007. The calculation results of coupling degree and coupling coordination degree of man-land relationship showed that forestry activities and woodland environment in Jingshan county were at the period of antagonism and disorder.(3) The combination of institutional factors and non-institutional factors led to the progressive evolution of rural man-land relationship. Institutional factors Institutional factors involved collective forest right system, ecological forest compensation system, the family planning policy and the farm subsidies, etc; non-institutional factors involved educational level, non-agricultural employment and woodland particularity, etc.(4) With the goal of building harmonious man-land relationship in rural area. Firstly, the optimization of forest right system needs to implement and protect the civilian of forester’s property rights; secondly, it needs to raise the standard of afforestation subsidies and ecological compensation to realize the equalization of woodland compensation; thirdly, it needs to enhance social security mechanism of forest land and increase the publicity of forest insurance business; fourthly, it needs to achieve forestry specialization and industrialization to attract more labour; finally, it needs to improve the level of people’s education and the consciousness of protecting forest resource of farmers.