Problem And Countermeasures Of Forest Property System Reform In The Jinping County Collective Forest Regions

At present, the forest property right system reform of the collective forest area in south china is the most concerned issue by the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the State Forestry Bureau, provincial forestry departments and most farmer .The study selected Jinping County that has a representative collective forest area in Guizhou to carry out investigation of the reform of collective forest property rights. By the methods of community forestry, and through the analysis of the past the present situation and the problems of forest management in Jinping County, this paper puts forward the solution and suggestion.The study shows that there are five aspects of the problems existed in collective forest property right system in the Jinping County:1.Forestry policy issues: forestry policy changes often, the cycle of Forestry policy changes is too short; Some policies are inconsistency, even contradictory; Deviation of policy implementation; Frequent changes of Collective Forest system, the ownership and the use right for farmers are limited; Changes in forestry policy and forestry right system lead to the forestry destruction; and the enthusiasm of farmers to plant and manage forest are loosed.2. The divisions of Forest classification problems: Forests for the public benefits are too many whereas forests for business use are not sufficient; it tends to cause new conflicts among farmers for the lack of information on the right to forest division.3.The right to certificate issue: the collective woodland property right are fuzzy and unclear ;Hill wood ownership is clear but the efficiency of certificate award is low ;There are lots of disputes in forestry right through all parts of china; It is not clear about who is the tree holder and who owns the right to share cooperative forest right card ; The failure to implementing the right of disposition of forests exists, so formers and collective forest farms are indifferent to the award of forest right card. 4. Problems of commercial forests management: There are too many policy limits on timber harvesting, and lots of bad effects on timber sales because of the monopoly operation to make afforestation lack the inherent motivation; farmers' income is decreased because of the overburdened timber tax.5.Problems of ecological forests management :There is no profit return in the investment and labor for this ecological forest; Farmers income is decreased and big changes occur in the production structure; Village public welfare enterprises lack funds; Village forest farm can't operate normally and there is no practical work of managing the forests; Forest ecological compensation can't work well.The Countermeasures are divided into five aspects: 1.Improve forestry policies maintain policy stability and standardize the policy implementation.2. Regulate the forest divisions based on the ecological benefits and financial interests; there is a good and appropriate balance between ecological forests and business forests; the delimitation of forest divisions should respect the rights of the collective and the farmers. Manage and run the forests in two different operational mechanisms.3. Improve the work in certification grant, protect the collective and farmer's benefits; try to best mediate the dispute of forest property right to create the good condition for the certificate grant. Conscientiously organize and grant the forest right card in an efficient way.4. The management of commercial forests should go in accordance with the market laws; to assurance the treatment and benefit right of farmers. Enhance the role of the government and develop the awareness of servicing for people; Reform the limited timber harvest system and improve the distribution of timber felling amounts, Reform the timber harvesting system and protect the right of most farmers; prefect the forest market environment to guarantee the timber sale and forest property right transform to work well; reduce the tax burdens of the farmer. 5. Strengthen the management of ecological forest and put the ecological compensation into effect; protect the collective and farmer's right; Make management policies sound and pay more attention to the interests of farmers. Based on the rule of division management of forests, explore the management measures of ecological forest and establish a good ecological compensation system for collective forest.