Study On Technology And Performance Characterization Of Solid Wood Composite Floor

In recent years, with the development of construction industry and housing decoration industry in our country, which makes the rapid growth of decoration and fitment materials,also furniture material. Wood flooring as an important kind of indoor decoration material has the great market potential. At present, the main products in the domestic market are laminate flooring, wood multi-layer flooring, solid wood flooring, bamboo flooring and other kinds materials flooring. Laminate flooring which the most widely used and the growing speed of wood multi-layer flooring is the most fast. Wood multi-layer flooring of scientific and rational design which not only make full use of fast growing wood, soft wood and small diameter log, but also consume the precious hard wood far less than solid wood flooring, it owns the optimal use of the advantage of wood. As the shortage of wood resources, consumers’ taller requirement to solid wood flooring consumption as well as the advanced manufacturing technology, the advantage of wood multi-layer flooring rapidly obtain approval in the production and consumption fields. Further studies of wood multi-layer flooring’s production process, optimal structure design and improving production efficiency are not only benefit optimizing resource allocation but also impel wood-based panel processing industry becoming more competitive.This paper takes impregnation melamine resin with oak veneer of mechanism of impregnation characterization analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), Contact Angle Measurement, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction(XRD). Then using macerated oak veneer by better dipping technology, wear-resistant paper, eucalyptus veneer and bottom balance paper as the main raw material to study the production technology of multiply parquet by orthogonal test, exploring the better process parameters to providing a basis for practical production. The main results of this paper are included below:(1) The influence of technological factors on the growth rate of the macerated oak veneer are different. In actual production should pay more attention on the dipping temperature and concentration, because these two factors have obvious influence on veneer impregnation. Although comparing with the above two factors, the influence of the impregnation time is insignificant, the importance of this factor ought not to be neglected which has more operability in actual production. By single factor experiment and orthogonal test, the best dipping process like this:impregnation time 20 minutes, concentration 50 percent, dipping temperature 35 centigrade.(2) Analysis the per and post oak veneer impregnation by SEM, which can be seen that the per one teems with pores and is fine-grained. There isn’t anything else in the cavities of wood catheter molecule and wood fibre cell. On the dip, melamine formaldehyde resin infiltrate into wood tube cavity and cells. The introduction of melamine formaldehyde resin, which fills the timber surface and internal pore, prevent the timber from water and has positive effect on the stability of oak veneer’s specification, the post bond performance, surface performance.(3) The melamine-formaldehyde resin can wetting the oak veneer well and has a certain degree of permeability. The contact angle of them decreased with time passed and became steady after 100s. This manifests that the permeability weakened as time went by, thus prolonging the dipping time makes little effect and a suitable dipping time is needed.(4) Analysis the per and post oak veneer impregnation by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR), the spectra changes before and after dipping oak veneer occurred mainly in 1800～600 cm-1 region. Compared to non-impregnated oak veneer processing, immersion treatment in a series of peaks characteristic of oak veneer (1733 cm-1,1652 cm-1,1329 cm-1,1243 cm-1,1049 cm-1) decreased slightly. And the oak veneer impregnated by melamine formaldehyde resin adhesive appeared a characteristics vibration at the peak of 811cm-1 which corresponded to the triazine ring of melamine and formaldehyde condensation system. The characteristics vibration proved that the melamine formaldehyde resin adhesive had reacted on some groups of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin of oak veneer.(5) Analysis the per and post oak veneer impregnation by X-Ray Diffraction(XRD) shows that the position and the shape of the two theta diffraction strength curve remain the same. The diffraction peak intensity of the oak veneer after treatment groups increased to some extent that the diffraction intensity enhancement of the crystallization fields and the relative crystallization become larger. The results show that the distance of crystal layer of oak veneer unchanged after treatment. After immersion, the introduction of melamine formaldehyde resin, filled between the wood cell walls, there occured some cross-linking group and a cell wall material in certain groups, some new crystalline form. Melamine resins immersed into the wood cell, after heat treatment, the resin is cured in the wood cell lumen and cell walls of the cell gap, the strength of the board, hardness, dimensional stability and so on is improved.(6) Each process factor has different influence on the physical and chemical property of multi-ply solid wood parquet flooring. Hot-pressing temperature affects elasticity modulus and release of formaldehyde of the floor significantly. And resin content have a great influence on the release of formaldehyde.In the experiments, static bending intensity and elasticity modulus of the floor tend to rise, with increasing of thermo-compression’s time and strengthening the pressure of thermo-compression. Meanwhile, the abrasion value and the formaldehyde emission show the tendency to jump when the temperature and pressure of thermo-compression are enhanced. As resin content increases, static bending intensity and elasticity modulus grow and then decline. Meanwhile, formaldehyde emission expands, while the abrasion value levels off. The most favorable technological parameters of the multi-ply solid wood parquet flooring are provided as follow:hot-pressing temperature 145℃, hot-pressing time1.1min·mm-1,hot-pressing pressure 1.8MPa and resin content 280g·m2.(7) The multilayer solid wood laminate flooring is compacted through the stability test which is based on the optimal technological parameter deduced from the orthogonal test. Its physicochemical properties meet all the requirements of the state’s standards. Compared with common counterpart on the market, it excels in the aspects of glossiness and surface abrasion resistance, owing to the use of surface layer of grinding-resistance paper with high photosynthetic agent and wear particles added. Absorbing formaldehyde further is needed because its burst size of formaldehyde is higher than its common counterpart on the market.