Extraction, Purification, Physicochemical Properties And Structure Of Polysaccharides In Polygonatum Odoratum

Polygonatum odoratum is a Liliaceae herb. Polysaccharide has been considered essential bioactive components, it has been applied to functional foods. Currently, the extraction of water-soluble polysaccharide from herbs become popular, but less in-depth study on the root of Polygonatum Polysaccharide. The further research on structure and function of Polygonatum polysaccharide is in favor of the rational use of Polygonatum polysaccharide. This paper study on extraction, purification and biological activity of Polygonatum root polysaccharide, the purpose is provide a theoretical basis for further development and deep processing of Polygonatum polysaccharide. Therefore, the separation, purification and structure of Polygonatum polysaccharide is the premise of analysis physiological effects. The results were described as follows:(1) By water extraction and alcohol precipitation method, optimization Polygonatum polysaccharide extraction process. Water is wide, low prices, the process of using is non-toxic, and it can penetrate the natural products cells strongly. It was a good extraction method. Polygonatum polysaccharide mathematical model was:Y=16.36-1.09A+0.36B-0.11C+ 0.55AB-0.79AC-1.40BC-1.68A2-2.57B2-3.33C2; The optimal extraction parameters were: liquid ratio 25:1, temperature 70℃, time 2.5 h. Under this experiments condition, the extraction rate of Polygonatum polysaccharide was 16.533%. It was indicated that this model was an accurate and reliable analysis equation for Polygonatum polysaccharide extraction parameters. The polysaccharide extracted by this process was named POP.(2) With Polygonatum Polysaccharide (POP) as raw materials, by contrasting the deproteinize effects of polygonatum polysaccharides of the different types of deproteinization methods, choose the most suitable deproteinization method and the optimal dynamic parameters. With the rate of deproteinization as the index, Sevage method, trichloroacetic acid method and hydrochloric acid method were good than the enzymatic-Sevage method. But Sevage method need to be repeated more times, the polysaccharide will be removed with the removal of proteins; the higher loss rate of polysaccharides in TCA method, the reaction was severe and could lead to degradation of the polysaccharide.The results showed that enzymatic-Sevage method was the best deproteinization method.The optimal processing parameters were as follows:the enzyme dosage of 1000 U, enzymolysis temperature of 50℃, enzymolysis time of 1 h, solution pH of 5, the loss rate of polysaccharide was 13.14% and the protein removal rate was 72.43%.(3) By contrasting the decolorizing effects and the retention rate of Polygonatum polysaccharides of the different types of resin. Decolorization 1 resin was the most suitable decolorization resin type. Single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment were undertaken to study the optimal dynamic parameters. The results were as follows: Polysaccharide solution concentration 4 mg/mL, the decoloration time 1 h, decoloration temperature 40℃; Dynamic assay can be drawn that sample concentration 4 mg/mL, flow rate 1 mL/min, sample loading amount 40 mL, the decolorization rate of Polygonatum polysaccharides was 80.65%, and the retention rate of the polysaccharides was 87.82%.(4) After cellulose column chromatography, Polysaccharide polysaccharide was eluted respectly by water,0.1 mol/L NaCl,0.2 mol/L NaCl,0.3 mol/L NaCl and a major component POP-a was obtained, rate was 56.20%. Polysaccharide (POP-a) was eluted by Sephadex G-200 Sephadex chromatography and distilled water to give a component of POP-al.(5)The UV spectrum analysis results showed that Polygonatum Polysaccharide POP-al had no proteins, peptides, nucleic acids and anthocyanins and other substances in the UV spectrum.(6) POP-al was a white powder, soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol, acetone, ether and other organic solvent. The sample doesn’t contains protein, starchy substance.The molecular weight of POP-al was 2734. The infrared spectra analysis showed several characteristic absorption peaks of polysaccharide, therefore POP-al can be explained as saccharides.