Carbon Emission Factors And Mechanism Analysis Based On Structural Decomposition Analysis

Global climate change caused by emissions of greenhouse gases had aroused attention of international community. Global greenhouse gas emissions reached 32.3 billion tons in 2014 and a global greenhouse gas concentration was 397.7 PPM at the same year. Global warming has become the most serious environmental challenge that human facing. In order to promote the international community to deal with climate change collectively, IPCC have issued five climate change assessment reports which played a promoting role on reaching a consensus at the climate conference. As the largest emitter of carbon dioxide at present, China is facing with intense pressures on climate change as well as the pressures of developing economy and improving people’s livelihood. With the great pressure of climate change, the Chinese government has adopted a series of positive measures. The specific target for carbon emissions reduction has been set:reaching the peak of carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and as early as possible, carbon dioxide emissions per GDP drops 60% to 65% compared with 2005. "The 13th Five-year Plan" put forwards three aspects to actively deal with global climate change, i.e. controlling greenhouse gas emissions effectively, adapting climate change initiatively and developing international cooperation extensively.How to implement the carbon reduction commitments without sacrificing the economic growth is a great challenge for China. This paper adopts input-output analysis method and structural decomposition analysis method to quantify and analyze the factors affecting carbon emission in Shandong Province. Firstly, this paper discusses the research background, including the situation of global climate change, measures that taken by the international community, the research significance, research ideas, research methods and innovations. Secondly, this paper analyzes the present situation of energy consumption and carbon emissions in Shandong Province. The result shows that energy consumption increases continuously in Shandong. The pollutants emissions rank the top row in China. This paper also makes a detailed description of input-output theory, explains the direct (energy) consumption coefficients and complete (energy) consumption coefficients, provides the sources of data, illustrates the sector classification and the price index; This paper explains the direct carbon emission coefficient and complete carbon emission coefficient. A comparison is made for these two factors. This paper calculates the carbon emissions of Shandong and the various departments in 2007 and 2012 was calculated and compared according to the proposed carbon emissions calculation method. Finally, the structure decomposition analysis method was introduced in detail. The factors affecting carbon emissions were decomposed into carbon reduction technology, production technology and the final demand, followed by a quantitative comparison of these factors.By the above mentioned analysis, the major findings are concluded. The secondary industry has the highest carbon emissions, in which the industrial carbon emission accounts for 60%. The transportation and warehousing industry has the highest direct and total carbon emission coefficients. The coefficients of all sectors show the decreasing trend from 2007 to 2012. Carbon reduction technology is the main factor for carbon emission reduction in Shandong Province. The production technology plays an inconsequential role for carbon emissions, and the final demand is the most important factor for increasing carbon emissions.There are three innovations in this paper. In the aspect of research topic, it explores inner interactive relationship between development strategy and carbon emissions in Shandong Province. The methodology system suitable for the research of relation between carbon emissions and development pattern of Shandong Province was established. It reveals the comprehensive advantages and effective methods to achieve carbon reduction in Shandong, which provides a new perspective for accomplishing carbon emission reduction targets. In the aspect of research methods, the energy input-output analysis table was established. The affecting factors of regional carbon emissions were quantitatively analyzed by structural decomposition analysis method. In the aspect of research results, the carbon emission reduction policies considering the actual regional development situation was proposed based on the structural decomposition analysis. This provides theoretical and practical reference for implementing regional development strategy and achieving the targets of the carbon emissions reduction.