Study On Structural And Seismic Performance Of Hall Building Of Qin’s Old Dwelling In Xingyang

As one of the typical representatives of traditional courtyard-style houses inHenan, Xingyang Qin’s old House represents the traditional architectural character-istics and local culture. As the provincial-level cultural relics protection departmentsof hennan, Qin’s old House has great historic, artistic and scientific values. Structuresystem and the structural concept design of the masonry-timber building revealscientific rationality of the traditional architecture. More important, traditionalarchitecture keeps warm in winter and cool in summer accord with the conception ofmodern architecture, which we should study deeply and absorb its reasonabledepartment provide useful guidance for modern design.As the representatives of traditional architecture, Hall building of Qin’s OldDwelling is still well preserved through long years, and expound traditional culture ofthe Central Plains with the same kind of traditional architecture, those valuableheritages provide living study sample for researcher. However，built over hundreds ofyears, the destruction due to miscellaneous causes greatly reduced the safety ofstructure. The structure safety and reliability cannot commit at the damaged status,and plenty of traditional architecture is in urgent need of repair. The masonry-timberbuilder, composed of two different materials, has poor performance in earthquakes,roofs and masonry wall have all been damaged to some extent，some even collapsedand caused irredeemable loss. In addition，characteristics of stiffness distribution andnode connection construction，the ability of Hall building to resist seismic forces hasbeen vigorously challenged.Therefore, it’s necessary and urgent to furtherly study on the structural andseismic performance of the hall building，analysis the deformation characters andweaknesses of the structure. Those work added into new research for the existingstudies on this basis and laid the groundwork for reasonable repair and furtherprotection, and then provide technical references for the protection of traditionalarchitecture in Henan. Supported by the national "Twelve Five-Year" science and technology supportprojects subject (project number:2013BAL01B04) and Tourist Agency and CulturalHeritage of Xingyang, this thesis mainly has done the following works:(1)Analysis the constructional features of Hall building through siteinvestigation, and find out the rationality of science of structure System andformation speciality in those traditional architecture. The current situation and itscauses have been analyzed, which illustrate the protection situation of traditionalarchitecture in Henan.(2) According to basic dimensions of the building, establish finite element modeland get the deformation characters under normal use though structural analysis.Results show that the central bottom longitudinal wall, the joint between longitudinaland transversal walls, wood components and the wall junction, window and dooropenings, middle span and arch foot of brick arch floors is the weakest structuralpart, easy to cause damage in these parts at first. Some corresponding suggestions areoffered for maintain the Qin’s Old House based on analysis.(3) Get the structural dynamic parameters and the mode characteristics throughmodal analysis. The analysis indicates the longitudinal lateral stiffness is weaker thanthe transverse, and stiffness between two spindles are much dissimilar,torsional effectare obvious; the first mode across transverse and the most coarse vibrations appear intop of longitudinal wall. Vibration of brick arch floors together with the integralvibration, local vibration of arch is not obvious but the effect added to earthquakeforce must be considered. The integral stiffness of roof is weaker than wall and itsvibration will increase the damage of supported wall.(4)In order to analysis the effect of structural design on dynamical characteristic,different finite element are established and analysis its vibration characteristics.Results show that floors play an important role in the building which maintain rigidand integrity of structure, so it’s necessary to repair the damaged floor and building.Though the connection between timber floor with wall is weakness，the floor couldlimit out of plane deformation and pass horizontal force like brick arch floors. Naturalperiod of structure increases with increasing stiffness，but construction torsionwithout improvement, vibration characteristics are influenced by arrangement of plane and elevation of the building.(5) Study on the seismic behavior of structure by time history analysis under agreat earthquake along both transverse and longitudinal directions. Results show thatlongitudinal wall of the third floor appears serious deformation and crack developing,which is the weak layer of the structure; wood components and the wall junction, thejoint between longitudinal and transversal walls, window and door openings, archfoot of brick arch floors cracked in many places, which is the weak link of thebuilding.(6) In order to analysis the seismic behavior of similar traditional architecture,different finite element are established and analysis its seismic behavior. Resultsindicate that effect of wood floor is relatively small，but damage of the floor mutilatedbuilding are greatly increased, and serious crack will lead to structural collapse;Displacement decreases with increasing stiffness of wood floor, but shear distributionof walls increased and lateral walls are distinctly on the increase, which result inweakness of walls. Therefore, the maintenance of wood floor should be put on thestrength of member.