Research On The Models And Algorithms Of Routing Choice For Dangerous Goods Road Transportation Based On Risk Analysis

Because China’s railway, pipeline, waterway and other transportation departments havenot yet put forward effective transportation management measures for dangerous goods,facilities are backward and flawed compared to road transport, plus road transport isconvenient to connect with other modes of transportation and can quickly achieve "door todoor" transportation, so the dangerous goods volume by road transport increases year by year.The chemical and physical properties of dangerous goods lead to difference from ordinarygoods, if the accident occurres in transit, it will not only threaten the normal life of residentsalong the road seriously, bringing huge economic losses, but also cause irreversible pollutionand destruction to the surrounding environment, building facilities and so on. Therefore,much attention has been paid to the road transport of dangerous goods. Choosing a suitabletransport path to ensure that the dangerous goods could transport to the destination safely andeconomicly can play an important role in social stability.Risk analysis is the foundation of the dangerous goods transportation path selection.Firstly, this paper summarizes the risk models put forward by the scholars both at home andabroad, analyzes the influence of accident probability, accident consequences, emergencyresponse ability on transportation risk, and concludes the importance of the effectiveemergency response to risk analysis, at the same time, the traditional risk model is correctedby the introduction of effective emergency response coefficient.Secondly, on the basis of risk analysis, this paper studies on the rouoting choice of thedangerous goods road transportation under the static condition. Assuming that thetransportation risk and transportation cost in various sections is a certain value, has nothing todo with the time. When there is only one kind dangerous goods in the transport network, thispaper establishes the double target model based on minimum risk and least cost from theperspective of transporters pursuiting of efficiency and security, and genetic algorithm isdesigned to solve the model; In the real transport network, there may be two or more kindsdangerous goods need to be transported at the same time, in order to guarantee the stability ofthe whole network, it needs the bi-level constraints of the government departments andtransporters. Motivated by this, this paper estabishes bi-level mathematical model, upper-leveltakes into account the total minimum transportation risk and risk balance expected by thegovernment department, lower-level takes into account the total transportation costs expectedby transportors, and heuristic algorithm is used to solve the model.Finally, this paper considers the influence by time on transportation risk andtransportation cost, at the same time, in order to reduce the potential accident risk, it needs torestrict dangerous goods vehicles go through a certain road within the prescribed time period. So this paper establishes double-objective mathematical model with time window constraintsin the time-varing condition based on the minimum transportation risk and the leasttransportation cost. In view of the problem with soft time windows constraint, if the vehiclesgo through a road in violation of the time window, the method of increasing the target value isintroduced to punish, and for problem with hard time window constraint, it is forbidden toviolate the time window, otherwise it is considered to be infeasible solution. The dynamicprogramming and labeling algorithm is used to solve the model.The study conclusions of this paper can provide the theory basis when select path fordangerous goods balance cost and safety in the actual network.