| Water is the source of life, and is also the foundation of economic development, social progress and ecological security. However, water shortage is the first issue faced by China currently. With the increasing of population, economic and social development and great change of natural environment, the conflict between people and water is prominent increasingly. Industrial enterprise is a major sector of water resource utilization. Scientific and reasonable to improve the utilization of water resources in industrial enterprises is of great significance to save water resources and prevent water pollution.This thesis analyzes the role of water quota in improving enterprise’s water efficiency, points out that the formulation and implementation of water quota can not only provide important scientific basis for reasonable water, saving water and planning water management, and has the characteristics of mandatory, motivated, objective and comprehensive.This paper through contrasting the water quota management with other methods of enhancing water use efficiency, and analyzing the results of improving water use efficiency with water quota management of enterprises in Shanghai, put forward that water quota management is the most effective way to improve enterprise’s with water use efficiency.According to the role of water quota management for water use efficiency, the thesis has carried on the supplement to "Natural Resources Utilization Efficiency Countering Total Quantity" hypothesis, that the water quota limits the minimum standards and the range of water use efficiency, and promotes water use efficiency, provides for the hypothesis to predict the future of water resources and economic development trends scientificly.In this thesis, the water quota management and relevant work of foreign water use and saving management have been studied in China. Besides, the water quota of plastic product industry and sewage treatment industry of Shanghai City has been modified. In this thesis, the current situation of water use of plastic product industry in Shanghai City and the questionnaire has been issued to make data analysis. Additionally, the water quota value of plastic particle of Shanghai City is formulated as 3.45m3/t according to the on-site investigation for enterprises and consulting opinion of enterprise experts. For sewage treatment industry, two types of short-term and long-term water quota standard have been formulated,10.48×10-4m3/m3 and 17.01×10-4m3/m3 are regarded as the water quota standard of two kinds of sewage treatment industry in which whetherwater circulation use system is used or not.The hypothesis of "Natural Resources Utilization Efficiency Countering Total Quantity"is used in this thesis to verify the data of water consumption, product population, water consumption of unit product in typical enterprise of Shabo Basic Innovative Plastics (Shanghai) co., LTD with good water saving management and high water use efficiency during a decades. It concludes from the analysis that water quota management can effectively improve water consumption efficiency and bring economic benefit, social benefit and environmental benefit for enterprises.This thesis is funded by key project of major subject of philosophy and social science research "Study of Water Saving Society Construction". Parts of research result has been issued by Shanghai Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau and become Part 19 of Major Industrial Product Water Consumption Quota and its Calculation Method:Plastic Products (Plastic Particle and Product) (DB31/T478.19-2014) and Part 21 of Major Industrial Product Water Consumption Quota and its Calculation Method:Sewage Treatment Industry (DB31/T478.21-2014) of local standard of Shanghai city. |
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