Research The Electric Energy Acquisition System Based On Zigbee

With the rapid developments and growing popularity of wireless sensor networks, the ZigBee technology, one of the wireless network technologies, has the advantage of short-distance, low complexity, low power, low data rate and low cost characteristics. These advantages enable such technology becomes an important research topic in the current wireless sensor networks and automatic control domain. In addition, the ZigBee technology achieves the interact coordination among thousands of micro sensors based on the IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee protocol standard. Due to the micro sensors only require a little energy and the data can be transferred from one sensor to another by using the wireless radio wave in a relay way, the ZigBee technology achieves the high performance of communication.The wireless meter reading system is one of the application domains of the ZigBee technology. The meter reading system plays an indispensable part in our daily life. However, the traditional meter reading system fails to obtain the desired performances in terms of real-time and accuracy. In addition, the database of the relevant departments cannot obtain the real-time and accurately users’data, and requires huge costs in terms of the human and materials resources. With respect to the above problems, the wireless meter reading system is given. In this thesis, the ZigBee technology is analyzed and investigated, and a solution case based on the ZigBee technology is proposed.In the thesis, the following tasks are accomplished which are summarized as below:Firstly, the overall functions and structures for the ZigBee protocol stack is introduced. Then the structures of physical layer, medium access control (MAC) layer, network layer and application layer are analyzed. Subsequently, the processing of the networks establishment based on the original ZigBee network language and the functions in joining and leaving of the network nodes are introduced.Secondly, several routing protocols for the ZigBee network are analyzed. An improved tree routing algorithm is proposed based on the research of traditional ZigBee routing algorithms. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce the routing hops, which enhances the flexibility of the network and prolongs the lifetime of the network. By analyzing the randomly selected data routing, the implemental results of the tree routing and optimized algorithm are compared. The experimental results indicates that the proposed TRO algorithm can reduce the number of routing hops which makes such method can be successfully applied in the wireless meter reading system.Thirdly, a system for wireless sensor network meter reading is designed, including a microcontroller (MCU) control circuit, wireless communication circuit and data acquisition circuit. In this system, a ATmega128L of 8-bit microcontroller 8051 is chosen for the microcontroller, the TI company’s CC2420 RF transceiver is chosen for the core part of the radio frequency (RF) communication module, the ATmega8 microcontroller produced by the ATMEL Company is utilized for the core processor of data acquisition circuit. The PC monitoring platform is designed by utilizing vc++development environment.Finally, the platform and the whole system are built. In addition, the anti-jamming capability between the meter reading accuracy and communications among the ZigBee nodes are tested. The experiment indicates the wireless meter reading system can work well. The proposed system achieves the network construction and the data can be transferred to the management center. In addition, the time-delay for the transmission meet the requirements of the system design and the whole system achieves the desirable design requirements.