Study On Plant Landscape Characteristics Of Buddhist Temple In Beijing Area

Based on consulting a large number of temples development, temples garden plant landscape references and on‐the‐spot investigation of 13 temple gardens in Beijing, Beijing’s temples were classified according to the standards, and the plant landscaping concept and technique of the temple garden landscape were analyzed depthly. Taking the four buddhist temple gardens in Beijing area for example, the layout, landscaping, plant configuration and artistic conception of garden plants were studied, which were expected to provide a reference or assist for the temple garden plant landscaping in our country. Finally, some opinions on modern temple gardens were put forward, these results will have a double meaning on the sustainability of the temple garden and plant landscape construction of the modern garden. The research of this thesis has made three achievement as follows:(1) Based on the investigation and analysis on the development course, classification, the characteristics of plant landscape construction of the temple garden in Beijing area, it can be concluded that a total of more than 155 kinds of plants were found in the temple garden of Beijing area, cloves were commonly used in temples, with the highest frequency in main shrub plants, the use frequency is 100%.The use frequency of Sophora Japonicause frequency is highest, in the application of tree, followed by the pine, cypress and other evergreen trees, etc. In the analysis of design and color each summed up that eveyr temple has flowering plants. According to the flowering time: there was many angiosperms in spring and summer, the angiosperms was less in autumn, there was 0 kinds of angiosperm in winter of temples.The investigation result of color of flower and leaves showed that thers were many flowering plants in temples, the leaf color could be divided into deep green, light green and gray green, autumn leaves are yellow and red class two main. The mainly dark green plants was sabina chinensis, pinus tabulaeformis, arborvitae, light green plant is mainly manifested in the spring and summer in the temple, the main tree species was yulan, cloves, the autumn leaf tree species has pagoda tree and buckeye, pentagonal maple and groundcover plants Virginia creeper.(2) Select four temle inbeijing :lama temple, dajue temple, fayuan temple and tanzhe temple and in‐depth analysis: the plant design was monotone in lama temple,has 16 frequently plants, the was 3:1 in herbaceous species of trees and shrubs, the aiphyllium has Pinus tabulaeformis, cedar, pinus bungeana,the flowering plant has pomegranate and Hosta; Dajue emple have great enlightenment rich plant species, the proportion was35 in fomous trees and shrubs species, and including the Oriental white oak, mulberry forest tree species, such as cluster temple garden trees found in quantitative analysis tree growth momentum was good; Dajue temple have court rich plant species, have 22 of total, and shrubs flower plant species was 12, often on the corner of the temple of planting potted kei chan, give full expression to the courtyard of the temple human‐living plant landscape features;Tanzhe temple was a Mountain temple, on the number and variety of plants for the four temples, a total of 43 species and shrubs, temple court advantage for pinus tabulaeformis species.(3) In the case of plant landscaping of four buddhist temple including Yonghegong Lama Temple, Dajue temple, Fayuan Temple, and Tanzhe Temple, we found some problems about the plant configuration of temple garden some problems of theat present, and put forward some own opinions that plant landscape of temple garden in Beijing erea need to be improved. Moreover, some landscaping methods can be used for reference to modern garden,such as to catch the time and season characteristic of the plant landscape, to build the plant space entity endowed with changes, to choose particular plant species riched in implied meaning, to strengthen the protection of ancient and famous trees, to form kinds of garden spaces using plants to meet different needs. We hope all the study have the certain reference significance on the plant landscape of modern garden.