The Research On Safety Risk Tolerance Of Construction Workers

Building risk is unavoidable on construction site, and how to achieve risk aversion rationally and effectively is becoming a hot spot but also a difficulty on risk management on construction project. It would play a significant role on safety management of construction workers if risk tolerance could be kept at a reasonable level. However, researches on risk tolerance are slightly insufficient at present. Aiming at construction workers, this study has analyzed the implication and influencing factors of risk tolerance and has conducted an intensive study on the relationship among the influencing factors. Based on this, an exploratory relation model of various factors has been developed, and measuring methods of risk tolerance have been established, as well. As a result, useful guidance can be provided for the interpretation of construction workers’ risk tolerance status quo in China, the establishment of effective risk tolerance control system and the design of scientific risk tolerance education system.Firstly, in this paper, the concept and connotation of risk tolerance have been defined. Through literature analysis and field investigation on construction workers, individual physiological feature, psychological characteristics, safety quality, job nature, company’s security resources, safety culture and external environment of construction workers were taken as seven essential elements influencing risk tolerance of construction workers. This led to the formation of a construction workers’ safety risk tolerance measurement scale, which is suitable for the construction industry of our country. What’s more, the reliability and validity of measurement scale were further examined through empirical research. Then conducting exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis on the basis of these, the final measurement scale of construction workers’ safety risk tolerance was proposed, eventually.Secondly, an integrated model has been set up, where various influencing factors of risk tolerance interacted, from two basic research angles of individual psychology and group sociology. And the final causality path diagram was determined by conducting data analysis and model fitting which based on the questionnaire survey for 297 construction workers in Guangdong, Hunan and Jiangsu. Some of the important conclusions include that:(1) Individual psychological characteristics and safety quality and company’s safety culture have a direct impact on safety risk tolerance of construction workers.(2) Physiological feature and job nature throw an indirect influence on risk tolerance by acting on the psychological characteristics.(3) Security resources make an impact on safety risk tolerance of construction workers through acts on safety quality and safety culture, respectively.(4) Concerning on the degree of influence, the impacts resulted from individual factors and enterprise factors are similar, and it is company’s safety culture that influence the risk tolerance most. “Security resources--Safety culture--Risk tolerance” is the most critical path of construction workers’ risk tolerance formation.Finally, difference analysis on risk tolerance has been conducted from the aspect of objective factors like demographic characteristics. Results have shown that:(1) The risk tolerance of construction workers differs significantly by their educational background. The higher education degree they have, the lower risk tolerance they possess.(2) The risk tolerance of construction workers differs significantly by the scale of their enterprise. And the larger their company is, the lower risk tolerance construction workers own.(3) In the aspect of accident experience, the risk tolerance of construction workers also varies. Notably, construction workers who have experienced accidents have the highest risk tolerance.