Environment Circle-layer Planning Of City Devastating Disaster Memorial Space

Devastating disaster in many countries continue happening make various types of memorial space. At the same time, each country pays more and more attention to the disaster memorial. China had passed 4 National Memorial Day including a “Disaster Memorial Day” in 2014. Although the memorial space design is mature with very successful works in many countries, there is no much attention to the surrounding environment of memorial space, which has important effect on the memorial space atmosphere and environment.First part, start with studying on key words: memorial, space, disaster, environmental, which are the theoretical foundation of the followings. Define the social attribute and the duality of spiritual and material of the memorial; the elements of the core space of the memorial; value and significance of disaster memorial and four factors affecting the environment quality of the disaster memorial space.Second part, study on disaster memorial space which is the core of the surrounding environment planning. Classify the disaster memorial space according to the relationship with the surrounding environment. Discuss and summarize the four characteristics of the disaster memorial space. Thus, conclude the contradiction between the disaster memorial space and the urban environment and discuss the main five contradictory points.Third part, propose the concept of environment circle-layer planning of disaster memorial space as the core. Firstly, by studying on the circle-layer division method of the cultural relics protection units, nature reserves, historical and cultural blocks, determine the circle-layers in this thesis are divided into three spheres: core space, buffer zone and coordination area. Secondly, define the positioning of every circle-layer and the 5 impact of the circle-layer planning. Lastly, propose the size of the circle-layer division method according to requirements of the physical environment, evacuation and practicality.Fourth part, study on circle-layer control method of 5 environment factors from landscape, service facilities, traffic, space, style. The control of buffer zone, there are 5 environment factors, focusing on 3 aspects of landscape, service facilities and traffic. The control of coordination area, there are 4 environment factors, focusing on space and style. At last, propose 3 control methods: active control, dynamic control and three dimensional control so as to respond to the city’s complex realities.Last part, take the urban design of the circumjacent of memorial to victims in Nanjing massacre by Japanese invaders as a case study.