A Study On The Impact Of Enterprise Heterogeneity On Enterprise Export

Trade modes have been the focus of economics arguments. In recent years, micro drivers of enterprises export have become a hotter issue of the international trade theory. The assumption of traditional international trade theory that all firms are homogeneous, although easy to study, does not accord with the diversity phenomenon within the enterprises of one industry observed from the reality of international trade activities, such as the enterprise scale, labor productivity, human capital and so on. Thus, the "new new trade theory" which researches the trade mode in the micro enterprises prospective arises at the historic moment. The theory is characterized by the focus on the enterprise modes of heterogeneity to seek enterprises selection of internationalization path and the global organization production. The adequate explanation of current trade modes enables it to become the focus of current international trade theory. However, the "new new trade theory" is based on the developed countries, whether it is suitable for developing countries remains uncertain. in the next place, Second, the theory attributes the enterprise heterogeneity mainly to the heterogeneity of productivity, ignoring the institutional factor influence on export in develop ing countries.Therefore, this paper is applied the "new new trade theory" to the reality of Chinese enterprises and presents theoretical study and empirical study. The study found that the original assumptions of the theory are inconformity with the reality of China. The relevant domestic scholars’studies show that widespread industry enterprises in China have a "exports-productivity paradox" phenomenon. The phenomenon says that the export enterprise productivity is lower than the export enterprise productivity which is different from developing countries. From all above, this paper argues that differences in productivity are not the influencing factors of China’s enterprises to export, at least not a major factor. Further studies have found that multidimensional heterogeneity is the main reason to affect the heterogeneity of Chinese enterprise export and the multidimensional heterogeneity covers firm size, the human capital, ownership and productivity.The empirical study of this paper mainly uses the Chinese industrial enterprise database as the data source. The database collected in1999-2009annual sales of more than5million Yuan in all of the industrial enterprise data. Jiangsu province provides a ideal platform to this study for Jiangsu is both a large province of tea export and one of China’s private enterprises developed provinces. So the industry enterprise micro level data of jiangsu province is of great practical significance. Considering the different behavior of enterprises in different industry, this study chose six representative niche business enterprise of jiang su province in1999-2009for empirical testing. First, this paper examined whether productivity differences is a influencing factor on export heterogeneity of enterprises in Jiangsu province. It turned out that, in more than one year, the multiple industries generally appear the phenomenon of "export-productivity paradox", which means that the productivity differences can’t fully explain the "export-heterogeneity" of Chinese enterprises. The following study shows that enterprise scale, nature, human capital and enterprise productivity and so on multi-dimensional heterogeneities have a better explanatory than a single productivity on whether choose export enterprises in Jiangsu province.