The Main Problems And Reform Countermeasures Of Chinese Academician System

What is the academician? In China, the academician was awarded the academic community has a high attainments in science and technology or engineering technology scientists highest honor, usually refers to the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering, they have their own unique views in some areas and able to achieve some results through scientific research. Birth of a scientific and technological achievements in hybrid rice, aerospace technology, gene technology, nuclear technology, the combination of all the hard work and sweat, academicians hard to pay researchers played a pivotal role. And always closely linked with the Academy of Sciences in order to allow for the guidelines is academician system, academician system generates a series of questions so that power and obligations, standards and conditions of academicians have basis to follow, all the academicians also have related matters the statutory provisions. Academician system originated in Europe, took the lead established by the French, after that, many countries gradually to follow its established Academy of Sciences and Society, and other scientific organizations, for a time the world of academic atmosphere gradually strong together.In 1948, a special year, when the Kuomintang regime on the verge of defeat, the country’s Academy of Sciences on then began to sprout, and the formation of academician system also draws on lessons learned from the West, and constantly summarized get out. After the founding of New China, after a series of discussions research, Chinese Academy of Sciences established the Faculty system, then, they have been established and the Chinese Academy of Engineering Faculty, the agenda are slowly being put on the right track, all programs in an orderly manner, for example, Fellow co-opted regulations every two years, and both Houses decided to implement the "Senior Fellow" system, etc., academician system in working towards a better direction, showing an amazing momentum. Currently, countries in the world have their own Academy system and maturing, academician system for national scientific research provides the institutional guarantee established academician system for modern science towards the institutionalization and standardization of development to create the conditions for the world International scientific exchanges erected a bridge in the world is concerned, it is the process of civilization through the ages have played an important role in promoting.Chinese academician system from the beginning to now after a hundred years before and after development, from cautious to have begun to take the model of continuous improvement since then, researchers in the first line and give everything for the cause of science and technology came one after another gospel However, to date, academician institutional problems are frequent, academician academic misconduct invariably criticized what hidden reason behind what exists, how to solve?This paper studies the origin academician system that Europe’s historical origins and evolution in China, in view of existing problems academician system for detailed description and discussion of the land, and summarized the reform of China Academy of countermeasures system. Research Fellow system reform has always been an important topic in the field of scientific and technological innovation, domestic and foreign scholars have carried out a profound analysis and discussion summary creatively put forward many valuable ideas, but for our existing academician system research questions, it is still not fully defined and conclusions. Therefore, to explore this research can provide suggestions for further research. Academician system has been gradually highlighted the problem of alienation, academician on? Wherein a series of contradictions worth questioning and reflection, reform of academician system, so academic regression academic has become essential. Research ideas as follows:Introduction, illustrate the present research background, purpose, content and significance, and introduced his research ideas and methods;The first chapter, begins with an overview of the historical background of academician system, followed by the evolution of the academician system development process in Europe and the United States made a narrative, historical background academician system for the United States, Britain, Germany and other major developed countries generated exists Features and other issues in the form of a detailed analysis. On this basis, a profound contrast to investigate the evolution of academician system;The second chapter text, specifically discussed the academician system of existing problems, there are several aspects:(a) the internal structure of the two houses is not reasonable, mainly in the higher age of academicians, academicians and large-scale distribution is not subject balancing these three areas; (b) a part-time academician too frequent phenomenon, popular influence the independence of academic research; (c) Fellow Matthew population is more serious, academician authority of the Chief of the heavier colors; (d) the breeding of academic misconduct and academic corruption is not conducive to the sound development of academic atmosphere;The body of the third chapter, exploratory proposed to solve the main problems of the existing academician system related countermeasures. Reform of Chinese Academy of Sciences system, in essence should start from their own, perfect, strong support of the community, academicians morality of self and other countries to improve policies and regulations, will help to improve and perfect the academician system. Specifically from the following links to start:(a) optimize the balanced age structure, scientific management disciplines layout; (b) specification academician social events to highlight the independence of academic; (c) boycott blind pursuit of Sciences, abandon the interests of administrative; (d) correct academician academic atmosphere, stimulate academician troops.