The Chinese Academician System Problems And Countermeasures Research

The academician system originated from17th century in Europe. In the early stage of modern science, the U.K. and France took the lead to establish the organization of scientists, say, Academy of Sciences and institutions. From then on, the academician system gradually came into being. The establishment of the academician system plays an important role in the professionalization and institutionalization of modern science. Currently, most countries in the world have built the Academy of Science and academician system. The modern science and technology in China is inherited from the west, so did the Chinese academician system. It took more than a hundred years, since the modern western technology was first introduced to China in the mid-19th century, to the formal establishment of the Chinese academician system. This paper researches in detail the background of the rise of academician system in Europe and the development of the system in China. The author also compares the difference of academician system in China and the U.S., giving detailed analysis of problems and deficiencies of the Chinese Academy of Sciences System. Recommendations are made to strengthen and improve the system based on existing problems.The thesis consists of3chapters:Introduction gives background knowledge and the significance of this paper. Related domestic and international studies are introduced in this chapter. It summarizes the content and methodology used in the research.Chapter1introduces the evolution of Academician system. It traces the origins and course of development of the academician system in the West, highlighting the Academy of Sciences of several developed countries like the United Kingdom, France, the United States, and Russia. It also gives great detailed analysis of the background, characteristics, forms of organization, operation mechanism and the functionality of the academician system in these countries. And then it focuses on the historical evolution of the Chinese Academy of Sciences system and its development process.Chapter2conducted in-depth analysis on the status of the current system of the Chinese Academy of Sciences through based on the selection, responsibilities, treatment and regulation of academicians. The problems of Chinese academician system are also discussed in this chapter, which include:flaw of life tenure of academicians; a trend of bureaucratization of academician; academicians are over-actively involved in part-time and social events; excessive power of academicians.Chapter3proposed strategies to reform and improve the Chinese academy system according to the problems discussed in chapter2. In order to resolve the flaws in the Chinese academy system, which is unique in China, efforts are need from the national level, the social environment, institution building, and personal accomplishment.