Reserach On The Problems Of Academician Regulation In China

Academicians are the highest academic honors given by scientists in today's scientific and technological circles and they play an important role in the development of science and technology in various countries and the progress of world civilization.It was first produced in Europe.The Chinese academician system is the result of transplanting the western academician system.Its development has gone through a long and tortuous cognitive process.From the official establishment of the academia Sinica in the middle of last century,to the transformation of all the members of the academic department of the Chinese academy of sciences into academicians of the Chinese academy of sciences in 1993,and to the establishment of the Chinese academician system today,the academician system has made great progress and improvement,since the establishment of the Sinica,Chinese academy of sciences and Chinese academy of engineering has always been serving national strategic demand and economic and social development,which sticks to science and technology needed in the modernization research,it has also produced many pioneering achievements of science and technology,developed a series of strategic high technology fields independently,which laid the foundation the major disciplines of new China,formed a scientific system with Chinese characteristics,drive and support the industrial technology system in our country,the national defense science and technology system and regional innovation system construction.The contribution to China's natural science and comprehensive national strength is already inestimable.In China,the party and government attach great importance to the positive development of the academician system.However,China has won the first Nobel Prize in natural sciences for the first time,but it was Tu Youyou,a general chemist that is not an academician,achieved the feat of zero breakthrough in the Nobel Prize in science for local Chinese scientists.This can not help but trigger people to the Chinese academician group and the academician system to ponder.The academicians,who enjoy preferential treatment and support in many aspects such as policy,economy and society,have not fully led the scientific and technological trend in China.Especially in this era of rapid economic development,the academician system seems to be a little behind the progress of The Times,which gradually exposed some problems.Of course,the problem is always unavoidable,and the field of science and technology is the one most in need of continuous reform.In recent years,more and more studies on the Chinese academician system have been conducted,which are commonly found in the fields of sociology of science,philosophy of science,history of science and management of science and technology.Domestic research can be roughly divided into three aspects:the historical evolution of the Chinese academician system,the status analysis and problem research of the Chinese academician system,and the improvement of China with the help of the western academician system.At the same time,Most foreign studies take a single country as the research perspective.According to the research results of the academic circle at the present stage,most of them are not systematic,comprehensive and integrated.Moreover,the Suggestions of many research results are mostly macro development direction,and they do not have strong practical operability.As a result,it is still difficult to break through the difficulties in reality.Main research idea of this article is in the perspective of the history of science and technology to give the longitudinal and transverse comparison history of academician system and the difference of western academy system,to find out the Chinese academician system on the diachronic and synchronic existing problems directly,and to analyze its historical root and present reasons,and puts forward the Suggestions to solve the problem.lt first traces the academician system of the origin and history of several hundred years in the west and in China after the establishment,building,creation and improvement of the four specific forms,and then gives a detailed analysis of the central institute of the republic of China,department of the People's Republic of China and the influence of contemporary western academicians of Chinese academy of engineering system,and sums up the western academy system with relatively simple structure,relatively independent governance mechanism and relatively objective characteristics of the electoral system in three aspects.Secondly,it specifically describes the current situation of Chinese academician system in terms of overall structure,selection standard and selection process,as well as problems of Chinese academician system in the current stage,such as unreasonable overall structure,potential risks of selection standard and imperfect selection process.Finally according to the actual situation of Chinese academician system and concrete problems,around with a core of Xi Jinping,general secretary of the CPC central committee on indicate the direction of the academician system reform,adhering to Xi Jinping,many times in the series on the member of both houses of congress general secretary speech spirit as a guide,absorbs the advanced experience of western academy system development,and then puts forward advice about the academician system in evaluation system,perfect the discipline layout and system reform of member of the selection standard and establish accountability system.Future research should focus on the comprehensive,logical and systematic research and the feasibility of the recommendations,so as to make due contributions to the early realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.