| With the development of dairy industry production, it has become major limiting factor for plant-eating livestock like dairy cow because high-quality green and coarse fodder is lacking in the South of China. Therefore, the breeding of high-quality forage has been the hot spot of the current study in the southern region of China. Alfalfa is of extreme importance high-yield and high-quality forage in animal husbandry production,but it only grow well in spring because the soil is shallow topsoil, heavy sticky soil, and soil water-logging coupled with the summer drought, diseases and insect pests in Yangtze River region. Yangtze River region is an important food crop and cash crops production areas. Idle land after the rice growing becomes more and more along with economic development and adjustment of agricultural and industrial structure deepening, and these land resources can be used to grow alfalfa. In order to meet the demand for high-quality forage in Nanjing area, our research is seasonal utilization for one year of alfalfa cultivation from September 2008 to July 2009, and compares the main production performance and photosynthetic characteristics of home and abroad 15 alfalfa cultivars through the method of soil culture pot, concluded that:1. The photosynthetic characteristic is significant difference of different alfalfa cultivars.15 alfalfa cultivars are divided into four categories by clustering analysis for photosynthetic parameters of alfalfa in this study:The first category concludes wl-525HQ, Ladak+, wl-323 and LongDongMuXu, with best photosynthetic performance, for best-class cultivar; The second class concludes Sanditi, Algonquin, wl-414 and ZhongMu No.1, with better photosynthetic performance, for good-class cultivar; The third class concludes Queen, wl-323HQ, Pegasus, Derby, wl-323ML and Sitel, the photosynthetic performance of the class variety in general, for intermediate cultivars; The crown is poor grade cultivar because the photosynthetic performance is most weakest in all cultivars.The production performance is significant difference of different alfalfa cultivars.15 alfalfa cultivars are divided into three categories by clustering analysis for dry matter yield, plant height, relative growth rate, net photosynthetic rate and leaf area of alfalfa in this experiment:The first categories concludes wl-414, wl-525HQ, Algonquin, Crown, wl-323, Pegasus, this group having best photosynthetic performance and production performance, characterized by high yield, fast growth rate, high leaf area, and wl-414 and wl-525HQ are the most prominent of this class, the most suitable for planting in the Nanjing area; The second category concludes Derby, ZhongMu No.1, Sanditi, wl-323ML, Sitel, Ladak+, wl-323HQ and Queen, with strong photosynthetic capacity, but production performance is not good, and the level of yield, plant height and growth rate are middle, suitable for planting in the Nanjing area; LongDongMuXu is the third category, while photosynthetic performance is better, production performance is very poor, and the measured values of yield traits are the lowest, not suitable for cultivation in the region.2. This experiment through correlation analysis between the plant traits of every month of alfalfa like plant height, leaf area, net photosynthetic rate, relative growth rate and the dry matter yield, concluded that:The growth of alfalfa in fall is related to fall dormancy in Nanjing, while the growth of alfalfa in spring is not related to fall dormancy; Alfalfa mainly grows in spring, the production of alfalfa in spring is mainly related to plant height, leaf area and relative growth rate; The growth of alfalfa in autumn lay the foundation for the growth of alfalfa in spring of the following year, growth better in autumn and yields higher in spring. |
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