Analysis And Evaluation Of Alfalfa Production Performance And Quality Component Factors

Alfalfa,an important legume forage planted and utilized worldwide,which has high biomass and excellent forage feeding value.Whether different alfalfa varieties or materials can be planted on a large scale in a region or not,their yield and quality should not be only considered,but also their adaptability to the local climate,water and heat conditions,and planting management levels.Therefore,it is not only important but also necessary to evaluate the production performance,feeding value and adaptability of alfalfa materials.The paper was used 28 alfalfa germplasms selected from home and abroad for test materials.The biological characteristics,photosynthetic performance,growth performance,production performance,nutritional quality and adaptability of the materials were identified and evaluated for 3 consecutive years using a combination of field observation measurements and laboratory test analysis and alfalfa varieties with strong cold resistance,high productivity,excellent nutritional quality and other comprehensive traits were screened out,which were suitable for planting and utilization in Hohhot and its surrounding areas.The main findings were as follows:(1)During the 3-year experiment,the materials were concentrated in the greening period in mid-to-late April,flowering in early June,and their pod formation is from late June to early July,and their seed maturity is in early August,and the materials gradually yellowed in mid-to-late November.The difference between the materials before and after the date of rejuvenation is about 8 days.It takes 47-50 days from turning green to flowering,97-114 days from turning green to seed maturity,and the growth period is about 97-114 days,and the green duration is about 203-224 days.Grassland No.3,Zhongmu No.2 and Gongnong No.1 alfalfa had a longer growth period(114 days),while Zhaodong and Suntory alfalfa had a shorter growth period(97 days).All varieties can be safely overwintered,including 11 cold-resistant materials with overwintering rates higher than 90%.(2)The range of forage yield of test materials is 8.58 t/hm~2to 13.96 t/hm~2,and the average yield of the 20 materials is above 10 t/hm~2.With the continuation of the growth years,the plant heights of most materials showed an increased trend,and the number of bushes and branches showed a decreased trend.The plant height and plant cluster of the materials were the lowest in the third stubble.The proportion of each stubble of the total annual output showed the trend:the first stubble>the second stubble>the third stubble.All materials have strong regeneration ability,especially the regeneration rate of the second stubble.The materials with long growth period,tall plant,fast growth and high photosynthetic efficiency have higher forage yield.Such as Grassland No.3,Longmu 806and Zhaodong.(3)The crude protein content of the materials is evenly distributed between 17.39%and 21.46%,including 7 high-quality materials with protein contents more than 20%,and10 materials with protein contents less than 18%.The average distribution of ADF,NDF and Ash content ranged from 28.53%to 34.46%,31.10%to 47.17%and 7.79%to 9.28%,and there was a significant positive correlation between ADF and NDF.The RFV values of materials ranged from 125.42 to 165.07,which were positively correlated with the contents of CP and Ash and significantly negatively correlated with NDF and ADF.Forage yields were positively correlated with CP,Ash contents and RFV values,and negatively correlated with NDF and ADF content.(4)The 28 materials were ranked according to the membership function of the 15comprehensive indicators in order of Longmu 803>Zhaodong>Suntory>Zhongmu No.2>Yili>Longmu 806>Grassland No.3>Gongnong No.2>Fufeng>Chi No.1>Longmu 801>Surprise>Gannong No.3>Grassland No.2>Duoye>Saite>Longdong>Grassland No.4>Zhongmu No.1>WL323>Chabei>Gongnong No.1>Qingyang>Gong No.3 Nong>Queen>Sweden>Aohan>Xinjiang Daye.Longmu803,Zhaodong,Suntory,Zhongmu No.2,Yili,Longmu 806,Grassland No.3 and other varieties with high hay yield,rich nutritional value,strong overwintering abilitywere relatively outstanding and suitable for promotion and utilization in Hohhot and its surrounding areas.The paper discussed and analyzed the coupling and internal correlation between the relevant indicators in detail,and the key factors that affect the yield,quality and adaptability of alfalfa were found,and excellent alfalfa varieties suitable for the local and surrounding areas were selected.The research results can provide a basis and reference for the rapid development of local alfalfa industry.