Effect Of Different Substrate Formula On Cucumber Growth And Physiology In Solar Greenhouse

Fermented maize straw and cow dung, turf, mushroom residue, vermiculite, slag, roversand for the substrate material, resigned ten kinds of substrate formula. By ‘ZhongnongNo21’ Cucumber for the experiment plant,researched on Cucumber the effect of differentsubstrate formula on Cucumber plant growth, dry and fresh weight,leaf photosyntheticcharacters,fruit yield and quality.The purpose was theory and techniques base supplied forCucumber substrate cultivation in solar greenhouse. The results showed that:1. Plant growth of formula B(maize straw: cow dung: turf: vermiculite: roversand=2:3.5:1:1:2.5) and E (maize straw: cow dung: turf: rover sand=2:3.5:1:3.5)and F(maize straw: cow dung: turf: rover sand=2:2.5:2:3.5)were well.The Cucumber plantheight and stem diameter and number of nodes were obviously higher than other treatmentsexcept for formula C (maize straw: cow dung: turf: vermiculite: roversand=2:2.5:2:1:2.5)and H(maize straw: cow dung: slag: mushroom residue=2:3.5:3.5:1)after forty and sixty and one hundred days. Plant growth of formula I (maize straw: cowdung: slag: mushroom residue=4:2:3:1)was worst.The Cucumber plant height and stemdiameter and number of nodes of formula I were significantly lower than other formula.2. It were95.9percent and119.3percent that fresh weight and dry weight of wholeplant of formula B (maize straw: cow dung: turf: vermiculite: rover sand=2:3.5:1:1:2.5)higher than formula I, they were highest in all treatments. It were13.1and18.2percent thatfresh weight and dry weight of whole plant of formula E lower than formula B. It were70.3and79.5percent that fresh weight and dry weight of whole plant of formula E higher thanformula I. It were10.1and15.3percent that fresh weight and dry weight of whole plant offormula F lower than formula B. It were76.2and85.7percent that fresh weight and dryweight of whole plant of formula F higher than formula I.3. Net photosynthetic rate of formula E Cucumber leaf was significantly higher thanother treatments except for formula J(maize straw: cow dung: turf: vermiculite: slag:rover sand: mushroom residue=2:3:1:1:1:1:1) and F. Transpiration rate and stomatalconductance and intercellular CO2concentration of formula E Cucumber leaf wassignificantly higher than other treatments. So Cucumber leaf of formula E had higherphotosynthetic rate.Cucumber leaf maximum photochemical efficiency and maxmiumantenna conversion rate and photochemical quenshing coefficient and realisticphotochemical efficiency of formula D (maize straw: cow dung: vermiculite: roversand=2:4.5:1:2.5)and F and H were obviously higher than other treatments.It showed that Cucumber leaf of formula D and F and H had higher photosynthetic activity.4. Fruit composited soluble sugar cotent of formula E was4.23%, it was significantlyhigher than formula A (maize straw: cow dung:turf: vermiculite: slag=2:3.5:1:1:2.5) and Band H and C and J,but it wasn’t significantly different with formula I and D and F andG(maize straw: cow dung: rover sand=2:4.5:3.5). Fruit vitamin C content of formula J wassignificantly higher than other treatments, vitamin C content was0.362mg·g-1.Fruit nitratecontent of formula was0.019mg·g-1,significantly lower than other treatments.Above all,Cucumber fruit quality of formula E and I and F and D were better than other formula.5. Yield and number of knot melon of formula B was highest, but it hadn’t significantlydifferent with formula E and F.It was71.3%and105.5%that yield and number of knotmelon of formula B higher than lowest formula I. Single fruit weight of formula E and F andB were141.2g and137.1g and136.2g, it were11.7and8.4and7.6percent that single fruitweight of formula E and F and B higher than lowest formula C.6. According to principal component analysis and cluster analysis, ten kinds formulacould be classified five classes.Formula B and E and F belonged to good class, formula Dand H and C belonged to middle class, formula A and G and J belonged to worse class,formula I belonged to worst class.Becsuse of suitable substrate physical and good plantgrowth and high yield of formula B and E and F, it was the suitable substrate formula toCucumber cultivation.