Study On Variations Of Growth Traits And Wood Properties In Liriodendron Chinenese Provenances

In this paper,14Liriodendron provenances were researched to sduy the variations of traits, form of quarity traits, wood properties, and between traits and trait correlation with latitude and climatic factors, and to select three excellent provenances with good growth traits, good dry and fine materials by multi-trait index method. The main findings were as follows:1. There were badly significant differences in growth traits, BD, FL LTW, WC, straightness, ratio of DBH to height, ratio of height to crown width and ratio of DBH to crown width. There were not significant differences in FW, DWT, CD and trunk roundness, and their provenance heritabilitiy were less than0.1, Other traits heritability between0.498and0.934, controled by medium or above heredity.2.The height and DBH showed highly significant positive correlation each year from the first two years on; The rank correlation analysis showed the height was significantly great intensity of positive correlation each year from the first three year on, DBH showed a highly significant positive correlation each year from the second year on; These showed that Liriodendron growth had reached a fairly stable level after afforestation for three years, early provenance could be selected according to the third and fourth year of growth.3.The each average growth of height and DBH showed an upward trend, the ratio of DBH to height showing an upward trend from the first to the third year; the height and DBH growth in a generally downward trend in next six years; the each average growth of height and DBH leveled off, the ratio of DBH to height showing a steady trend from the third to the seventh year; the provenance heritability of height and DBH generally showed an upward trend.4. It showed a different genetic correlation of traits among provenances associated with both advantages and disadvantages.(1)There were highly significant positive genetic correlation between the growth traits;(2) there was, a negative genetic correlation in growth traits with basic density, tracheid width,the ratio of length to width, double wall thickness, the ratio of wall thickness to lumen diameter, basic density with tracheid length, tracheid width and double wall thickness, tracheid length with tracheid width, double wall thickness and the ratio of wall thickness to lumen diameter, tracheid width with the ratio of length to width and the ratio of wall thickness to lumen diameter, the ratio of length to width with double wall thickness, other traits showed genetic positive correlation. Among them, the genetic correlations of height with tracheid width and double wall thickness, the ratio of wall thickness to lumen diameter with double wall thickness were significant; the genetic correlations of bole volume with tracheid width and double wall thickness, basic density with tracheid width, the ratio of length to width and the ratio of wall thickness to lumen diameter and tracheid width with the ratio of length to width and double wall thickness thickness were badly significant.(3) They showed a negative genetic correlation for growth traits with the ratio of DBH to crown, the ratio of height to crown, bark rate,stem straightness and roundness of the trunk, the ratio of height to trunk roundness and bark rate, and the trunk roundness with the ratio of height to crown, strem straightness and theratio of DBH to crown, other traits showed a positive correlation; among them, they were significant for the genetic correlations of the DBH with the ratio of DBH to height and the ratio of height to crown and the ratio of height to crown with stem sraughtness; they were highly significant for the genetic correlations of height with the ratio of height to crown and bark rate, DBH with bak rate, volume with the ratio of height to crown and bark rate, the ratio of DBH to crown with the ratio of height to crown and stem straightness, the ratio of height to crown with bark rate,and trunk roundness with bark rate and strem straightness.5. Selection of superior provenance and genetic gain:(1) Superior provenances were selected accroding to the single trait, these traits, such as height, DBH, bole volume and WC, were maximum genetic gain in Jinping and were respectively21.032%,20.130%,63.699%and26.423%; BD and the ratio of DBH to crown were maximum in Lichuan, respectively,5.826% and15.197%, the maximum Fl for5.618%in Changsha, the largest FTW for4.220%in Anji, the highest ratio of DBH to height for9.214%at zhe rong; the largest ratio of height to crown for19.154%in Li shui, the maximum bark rate for6.590%in Liping, the maximum stem straightness for5.377%in Songyang.(2) Superior provenances were elected by Integrated Index respectively at Changsha, Jinping,Lushan three gold calm superior provenances. The average genetic gain,on Height, DBH, volume, BD, FL, FTW and straightness, was10.376%,7.951%,24.764%,2.492%,2.914%,-0.605%and1.434%6. Overall, provenance growth gradually reduced at geographic variation patterns, BD, FTW and WC gradually increasing at geographic variation patterns from west to east or from south to north.