Study On Tassel Morphology, Physiology And Different Proteins Of Maize 9417

Maize thermo-photo sensitive male sterility has been widely used in breeding because of its advantages, such as hybrid vigor, overall improvement and recurrent selection. And studying the mechanism of male sterility(CMS) is a prerequisite for better use of their cross breeding. So the studying on mechanism and application of plant sterile especially cropsplants has always been research hotspot at home and abroad. The mechanism of male sterility is divided into three parts: cytological studies, physiological and biochemical studies, molecular biology studies. The research method of cytological is mainly sectioning and microscopy, physiological and biochemical mainly includes the study of various metabolites and pathways, molecular level research including two directions: gene and protein. In order to explore the sterile mechanism of maize thermo-photo sensitive male sterile line 9417, we studied the tassel developmental morphology, male sterile pollen development process, tassel development of physiological index and differences between tassel protein. And the following conclusions were drawn from those studies:1. In the whole period of maize tassel growth and development, tassel in sterile line was significantly different from tassel in fertile sterile line in morphological indexes from the beginning of floret differentiation stage. Specific performance can not produce floret primordia, leading to not enter floret differentiation stage.2. The tassel growth rule of both maize male sterile line and fertile sterile line in length, diameter, weight and volumes are in line with quadratic polynomial relationship. The fitting degree of equation is good. Indexes of tassel had no significant difference in early development stage between male sterile lines and fertile lines. From the beginning of the floret differentiation stage, indexes of sterile line were lower than fertile lines. And to sexual maturity period, indexes of sterile line were significantly lower than fertile lines.3. Male sterile pollen development process were observed and found that sacs appear anomalous during anaphase period and second tetrad stage. The Specific performance is that tapetal cells were abnormal and can not produce Ubisch body. Those cells failed to provide nutrients for development of microspore, eventually leading to abortion because of disintegration of microspores and no pollen grains.4. Compared of tassel physiological indexes between sterile line and fertile line and found that the activity of SOD, POD and CAT these three protective enzymes male in sterile line were lower than fertile line at the same period. SOD and CAT activity of fertile the began to decrease in organ mature period, but the activity of POD are basically unchanged, indicating that scavenging of active oxygen in tassel rely mainly on POD. Trend of POD and CAT is the same in sterile line and fertile line. The activity of SOD in sterile line showed being increasing, illustrating that scavenging of active oxygen in tassel rely mainly on POD and SOD in organ mature period. The content of MDA in CMS line has been higher than fertile line’s, indicating that the damage of cell membrane is heavier than the fertile line’s. The content of soluble protein firstly increased and then decreased, and the sterile line’s was lower than the fertile line’s in the early stage of floret differentiation stage, and the sterile line’s was higher than the fertile’s in the later stage. Proline and chlorophyll concentrations are decreased and then showed upward trend, and its content in the CMS lines were lower than the same period fertile line.5. SDS-PAGE condition for the male tassel proteome were optimized, the extraction method was TCA/ acetone method, the sample size was 22 L, and the gel concentration was 12%.6. There are three different proteins between sterile and fertile lines tassel proteome in the floret differentiation stage, respectively, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase kinase and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase enzymes, these three proteins are all key enzymes in photosynthesis and glycolytic pathway. So we speculate that the main reason for the impact of infertility is unable to fix CO2 and energy transfer. The gene of the cytoplasm controls its sterility in the chloroplasts, and it has a great relationship with the rbc L gene encoding the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase enzymes.