Research On The Effects Of Quality And Growth Of “Jumei” Grapes By Formula Fertilizer Application With Organic Manure And Chemical Fertilizer

The grape industry in China is growing rapidly, in the process of grape production, the kind and applying method of fertilizer will affect berry yield and quality. A reasonable fertilizer scheme plays a key role in the grape planting. This paper analysized the effect of different fertilizers and different applying methods on berry quality. The dynamic change of mineral element content in leaf, soil nutrient accumulation and the branch growth were investigated as with five years’ grape cultiver "jumei" as tested tree. The conclusions are as follows:1. The berry quality is best in the treatment of dressing with sesame cake and chemical fertilizer during the grape growing stage. The total sugar content is 18.39%, sugar acid ratio is 44.65, the highest in all tested treatments, increased by 3.3% and 6.5% respectively compared with conventional fertilization. The soluble solids and Vc content is 19.02% and 2.047mg/100 g, which is higher than conventional fertilization 3.8% and 16.19% respectively.2. In all treatments, the nitrogen content in leaf reached highest at flowering stage and then started decreasing and appeared the minimum at mature stage. The phosphorus content in leaf of all treatments appeared same changing trend, from flowering to 15 d after flowering, declined slightly, and then began to rise, and got a stable content at 75 d after flowering. The leaf potassium content from flowering to 15 d after flowering had a slight decline, then started to rise to maximum at 45 d after flowering. Aftre that, the total K content in leaf appeared fluctuant, but the change is not obvious.3. The mix usage of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer NPK could improve soil nutrient conditions. Total nitrogen, available phosphorus content in soil is the highest, is 9.88 g/kg, 0.818 g/kg, 13.94 mg/kg, and increased 18.61%, 7.35% and 16.85% respectively than before fertilization in the treatment of fermented chicken manure as basal with NPK dressing. The soil available potassium content is the highest, is 85.27 mg/kg, 4.11% more than before fertilization in the treatment of topdressing with sesame cake fertilize and chemical fertilizer during plant growth.4. The ratio of stem and pith is the highest, increased by 6.1% than the conventional fertilization with the treatment as basal with fermented chicken and dressing with NPK chemical fertilizers.