| Objective: In this paper, the product of cottonseed meal fermented by bacillus subtilis was detected anti-nutritional factors and evaluated nutritional value. At the same time, it was added to the diets of Huang Yu broiler. In order to study the effect of digestion and metabolism, production performance, blood biochemical index, the rate of immune index, immune organ index and meat quality of produced of Huang Yu broiler. To provide reference for accelerating the effective development and utilization of the rich resources and the healthy production of Huang Yu broiler of our country.Methods: This paper was composed of four experiments. Experiment 1, cottonseed meal which was sterilized was fermented by Bacillus as experimental group, control groups included cottonseed meal which was sterilized and cottonseed meal was fermented by Bacillus. Its nutritional characteristic was evaluated by he content of gossypol and small peptides and free amino acids as well as nutrient change. Experiment 2: Select 120 Huang Yu broilers(1-day old), randomly divided into 4 groups which each group has triplicate and each replicate has 10 chickens. The diets were added cottonseed meal fermented by Bacillus subtilis(0%, 2%, 5% and 8% respectively). Study of apparent metabolic rate of crude protein, crude fat, calcium, phosphorus in diets and the average daily feed intake and gain and feed efficiency of Huang Yu broiler. Experiment 3: Slaughter performance were measured in the feeding end(64-days old). And to study the cottonseed meal was fermented impacted on meat quality. Acquisition of yellow feathered broilers plasma, Study on Huang Yu broilers blood biochemical indices and immune globulin was how effected by the fermentation products of different dose in the different stages of feeding trials(7-14, 15-28, 29-42, 43-64 days) and Determination of immune organ index of broilers in slaughter test process.Results: Experiment 1: gossypol content after fermentation compared with High pressure and not high pressure fermented significantly decreased 88.84% and 74.77%, respectively(P<0.05), protein content was significantly increased by 14.37% and 13.79%(P<0.05), the small peptide which the molecular weight is less than 600 Da, 600-1000 Da, 1000-1800 Da respectively, raised to 12.40%, 1.45%, 1.74% respectively after fermentation from 4.00%, 0.42%, 0.058% respectively. The content of 15 kinds of essential amino acid in the cotton pulp Improved to different degree. Among essential amino acids, Threonine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, lysine Increased by 8.45%, 6.25%, 24.13%, 3.52%, 12.31%, 9.52% respectively. Experiment 2: Compared with group,Ⅰ Ⅱ, and Ⅲ Ⅳ, The apparent digestibility of crude protein, calcium, phosphorus significantly increased(P<0.05), and the digestion rate of test group was the group IV. Crude fat digestibility decreased significantly(P<0.05). Compared with groupⅠ, the daily gain weight of Huang Yu broilers significantly increased of groupⅡ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ. group III were the highest daily gain weight, Feed reward significantly increased(P<0.05), group IV reached the highest; Experiment 3: the highest slaughter rate of Huang Yu broiler was group IV, up to 93.62%. compared with group I, The slaughter rate of the group II, III and IV were significantly increased by 4.98%, 4.81% and 6.11% respectively(P<0.05), the Half net carcass rate and net chamber rate of the group II, III and IV Huang Yu broiler were significantly increased by 1.93%, 2.82%, 3.51%, respectively(P<0.05) and 4.38%, 6.98% and 5.87%, respectively(P<0.05). compare with group I, the p H45 min of muscle of group II, III, IV were increased by 5.68%, 8.09%, 11.02% respectively(P<0.05), The water loss rate of muscles of Huang Yu broiler decreased3.07%, 2.32%, 6.69%, respectively. But compared with group I, the water loss rate of group II and III had not Significant difference(P>0.05), group IV had significant difference(P<0.05); Compared with group I, the drip loss of group II, III, decreased 3.76%, 30.08%, 34.21%, respectively. but the group II compared with group I had not significant difference(P>0.05), group III and IV have significant difference(P<0.05). Compared with group I, the shear stress of group II, III and IV decreased 11.97%, 7.75%, 20.42% respectively, and there were no significant difference between the group I and group III(P>0.05), but the group II and IV had significant difference(P>0.05) Compared with group I, the content of pectoral muscle fat of group II, III and IV was increased by 2.96%(P>0.05), 5.52%(P<0.05), 11.83%(P<0.05), and there were no significant difference between the group I and group II(P>0.05), but the group II and IV had significant difference(P>0.05), compared with group I, the content of leg muscle fat of group II, III and IV were significantly increased by 2.95%, 3.23%, 6.04%, respectively(P<0.05). Experiment 4: Cottonseed meal nutrition composition has improved markedly after fermentation, blood biochemical indexes 5% FCM of different growth period in broilers, the change of treatment group is obvious. compare with control group, the total protein content of the 5% FCM group, In 1-14, 15-28, 29-42, 43-64 day age were significantly increased by 45.26%, 57.12%, 30.17%, 28.31% respectively(P<0.05). Albumin content were significantly increased by 27.72%, 18.07%, 19.22%, 19.95% respectively(P<0.05); The content of Ca in serum were significantly increased by 10%, 26.43%, 27.91%, 48.77%, respectively(P<0.05); the content of serum is 31.01%, 28.92%, 27.91%, 28.24%, respectively(P<0.05); The content of total cholesterol were significantly decreased by 3.96%, 9.81%, 14.95%, 15.59% respectively(P<0.05); Triglyceride levels were significantly decreased by 15.57%, 22.47%, 23.08%, 23.53% respectively(P<0.05); compare with control group, The content of Ig A, Ig G, Ig M were significantly decreased by 4.74%, 2.38%, 3.74% respectively(P<0.05); In 1-14 day age. In 15-28, 29-42, content of 43-64 day old Ig A were significantly increased by 24.62%, 24.62%, 21.55% respectively(P<0.05); the content of Ig M in 29-42, 43-64 days of age was significantly increased by 25.57%, 25.59%, respectively. The spleen index and the index of bursa of Fabricius were significantly increased(14.60%, 37.14%) and(37.97%, 69.39%) in 29-42, 43-64 days of age.Conclusion:(1) using bacillus subtilis fermented cotton pulp can significantly improve the nutritional value of cotton pulp;(2) added bacillus subtilis fermentated cotton pulp in the diet dramatically increased the digestion of feed utilization and promote the growth of year feather broulers;(3) added bacillus subtilis fermentated cotton pulp in the diet observably improved the slaughter rate and meat quality of year feather broulers;(4) added a certain level bacillus subtilis fermented cotton pulp in the diet can significantly improve the blood biochemical index and immune index of year feather broulers, and added 5% fermented cotton pulp to improve the broulers blood total protein, albumin, Ig A, Ig G, Ig M, Ca, P, bursa of fabricius index, spleen index was superior to added 2% and 8% fermented cotton pulp group, and added 5% fermented cotton pulp in reducing cholesterol and triglyceride levels was better than the other groups. |
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