Study On Pleurotus Eryngii Cultivation With JUNCAO And The Spent Substrate Component As Feed

In order to develop feed made from JUNCAO spent mushroom substrate. Promote edible (medicinal) fungus industry chain and the development of "JUNCAO, edible fungus, feed" circular economy. This paper mainly studied on the JUNCAO Pleurotus eryngii medium screening and cultivation methods, JUNCAO spent Pleurotus eryngii substrate (JUNCAO SPS) chemical composition and the content determination analysis, of crude polysaccharide, safety evaluation of JUNCAO SPS feed and JUNCAO SPS as feed in the dairy farming, To explore the feasibility of spent Pleurotus eryngii substrate as feed. The experimental results were as follows:1. Use tertiary systematic screening method to screen cultivation medium of Pleurotus eryngii with JUNCAO, The most suitable medium was Miscanthus floridulu:48%%, Dicranopteris dichotoma:20%,bran25%,corn flour:5%, gypsum:1%, lime:l%, PH:natural, water content:60%.2. the determination results of JUNCAO SPS conventional nutritional content:crude protein is 8.61%, crude fiber content is 28.69%, according to the international feed classification, JUNCAO SPS should belong to roughage. JUNCAO SPS was rich in mineral elements, Fe 607mg/Kg, Zn 40mg/Kg, Cu 6.6 mg/Kg, Mn 5.1 mg/Kg, P 0.24%,Ca 1.45%. JUNCAO SPS were detected 17 kinds of amino acids, the content of total amino acids were 4.36%,11 kinds of cows essential amino acids were 44.27%.3. JUNCAO SPS crude polysaccharide yield was the optimized index in L9 (34) orthogonal experiment. The optimum extraction conditions were extraction temperature 90℃, the solid-liquid ratio 1:20, extraction time 2 h, extraction for three times. The extraction temperature had significantly effect on the yield the crude polysaccharide. Solid-liquid ratio, extraction times, extraction time had no significantly affect. The crude polysaccharide content was 3.62% under the optimum extraction conditions.4. Experimental results of the feed safety of JUNCAO SPS 1) Mice acute toxicity test using water extract concentrate of JUNCAO SPS as the test substance, the maximum gavage dose was 20g/Kg After the administration, the mice were less active, Slow-moving, body had a small amount of shaking, after 2h the mice returned to normal, giving continuous observation for a week, mice without the occurrence of death, poisoning and other undesirable phenomena. Based on the acute toxicity test dose grading standards, JUNCAO SPS belonged to the nontoxic.2) To 5%,15%,25% JUNCAO SPS alternative to the mouse basal diet for 30d feeding tests. Experimental period of 30 days each group of mice had no adverse reactions, mice feeding normal, daily behavior is lively, smooth and shiny coat, no difference between male and female, control group and each experimental group of mice had basically the same, weight gain trend. At the end of the experiment, mice were dissected, the appearance of thymus, thyroid and heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and other organs were normal, pathological examination was normal, no special pathological changes. The blood test showed that hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes were no significant differences in each group of mice. JUNCAO SPS without adversely affecting the growth and development of the mouse.3) heavy metal content, the total number of bacteria, and mold,the content of Aflatoxin B1 of JUNCAO SPS were determined within the scope provided in the national standards for feed hygiene. The experimental results showed that, JUNCAO SPS was a safe feed ingredient.5. The experimental results showed that JUNCAO SPS as alternative cows conventional fodder beet pulp feed would not affect the mid-lactation dairy cows milk yield, compared with the control group, although the milk yield has decreased in varying degrees, but JUNCAO SPS instead of beet pulp could significantly slow the downward trend in milk yield of mid lactation dairy cows. Add the part JUNCAO SPS on the basis of the normal diet of the cows had not only did not reduce the mid-lactation dairy cows milk yield, but increased slightly. The relative increase in milk yield was 9.42%. Milk fat rate of alternative group increased by 2.35%, and add group decreased by 0.93%, may be because the experimental group changed the dairy cow diets roughage ratio, milk protein, lactose, whole milk solids, and other indicators of experimental groups had no significant impact. Milk immunoglobulin content of dairy cows measured at the end of the experiment showed that milk immunoglobulin content of the substitution group was 1.61g/L, control group and add group content were 1.03, 0.99g/L, variance analysis of single factor indicated that replacement group had significant difference with the control group and add group (P<0.05), IgG content of add group was no significant difference With the control group. IgG content in blood of dairy cows had no significant difference among experimental groups and the control group, IgM levels in blood of alternative group had significant difference with the control group (P<0.05), IgM levels in blood of add group had no significant difference with the control group (P>0.05). JUNCAO spent Pleurotus eryngii substrate had no significant effect on cow serum biochemical indicators,such as TP, ALB, BUN, GLU, CHO, ALT, but it could reduce the content of urea nitrogen in serum.