Study On The Nitrogen, Phosphorus And Potassium Distributions In Different Varieties Of Camellia Oleifera Forests

Camellia oleifera Abel belongs to the genus Theaceae, a section in the genus Camellia L., and it’s be called tea fruit tree. Camellia oleifera Abel is the unique subtropical oil tree species and with high economic value strategy tree species in China. This paper took Camellia oleifera Abel of 7-year-old changlin series in 3 different varieties for research object. This research used randomized block experiment and all pilot plants applied the formula fertilizer. It based on 3 varieties nutrient content of soil, leaves and Camellia seed, in order to explore nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients distribution law in different varieties Camellia oleifera forests soils, leaves and Camellia seed, also comprehensive analysis the correlation between these nutrients and yield, oil output content and seed oil output rate. And understanding the relationship between them, then optimized each element contents of formula fertilizer to improving economic value of Camellia oleifera forests. The major findings of this study are as follows:(1) Three species Camellia oleifera have their pros and cons, according to single plant yield and oil output content, the sorting order is followed by changlin 53> changlin 27> changlin 40. Changlin 53 yield per plant is up to 3.8 kg.(2) Different varieties Camellia oleifera forests soil available nutrients have different changes. It demonstrated that their needs for nutrients were different, of which changlin 53 has the maximum difference available nutrients in 2 application time, and changlin 53 required the most nutrients for its growth, so in total quantity of applying fertilizer the changlin 53 has more than the others.(3) Under the soil, leaves and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in Camellia seed, found that there are also have similar and differences in the three varieties Camellia oleifera forests nutrient distribution. Three varieties Camellia oleifera forests nutrient content of soil, leaves and Camellia seed have a significant differences and leaves, Camellia seed of the same species nutrient content also different in on-year and off-year. The consumption of nutrients was on-year more than off-year, so in the on-year its need more fertilizer for applying. In November, soil available nitrogen content of changlin 53 and changlin 40 were higher than changlin 27, and available phosphorus were lower than changlin 27. In April, soil available potassium content of changlin 53 and changlin 40 were lower than changlin 27. The sorting order of available potassium content in November is followed by changlin 53> changlin 27>changlin 40. Three species nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in leaves of Camellia oleifera have differences, but in the annual growth cycle, it showed a declining trend, that new leaves nutrient content was higher than old leaves.changlin 53 has the most yields, but its Camellia seed total nitrogen content and total phosphorus content were lower than the other two species.(4) Base on the nutrients requirement of Camellia oleifera growth, can improve the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the fertilizer formula. Based on the formula fertilizer, it should reduce appropriate nitrogen content and increase a lot of potash content in November. It should increase phosphorus content in April. It can effectively improve the yield and oil output content of Camellia oleifera forests if change the proportion of the three elements content, which still have a further research in the specific changes.