Effects Of Ecological Factors On The Quality Of Flue Cured Tobacco In Yunnan

Ecological factors are the main factors that affecting the quality of tobacco. This study on the relationship between of flue-cured tobacco quality and ecological factors for three consecutive years in Yunnan, the main results are as follows:Overall, Yunnan tobacco growing areas are suitable for high quality tobacco; the quality of tobacco belongs to high quality flue-cured tobacco fragrance. The leaf density and leaf tension are better, equilibrium moisture content and high rate of stalk. The color, maturity, structure and other indexes of tobacco leaves are higher in Yunnan, and the score of Chroma is lower. The average score of Yunnan tobacco aroma characteristics is 81.17. The chemical components of tobacco leaves are in the suitable range. Tobacco soil conditions: organic matter average value is 2.4 g / kg, the average value of p H is 6.34, total nitrogen is 1.66g/kg, and soil total phosphorus is 1.026g/kg. The average content of total K is 12.7 g / kg, the mean of effective sulfur content is 5.1 mg / kg, the mean of effective iron is 73.1 mg / kg, and the mean of soil effective boron is 0.44 mg / kg. The mean of effective molybdenum is 0.23 mg / kg. Meteorological conditions: average temperature 21.55 ℃, the early growth of temperature difference, temperature difference of high maturity. Flue-cured tobacco growth period of relative humidity is low, with the growth period of the relative humidity increases, the maximum relative humidity in mature period. Sunshine hour’s late growth stage is higher, lower. During the whole growth period, the total sunshine time is 1042.82 h.Study on the effects of soil and meteorological factors for three years on the physical characteristics of tobacco leaves. For tobacco leaf thickness, meteorological factors’ total contribution rate reaches 74.54%, soil factors of 25.46%, which pre mature temperature contribution rate is the largest. For tobacco tension meteorological factors contribution rate account 74.39%, soil factors contribution rate account 25.61%, including Fast growing period average temperature of contribution rate is the highest, reach7.97%. The meteorological factors contribute 71.64% to total elongation of tobacco leaves, soil factors is 28.36%, the largest contribution factor is temperature during the transplanting period, 8.88%. The soil organic matter of tobacco filling value reach 12.72%, the largest contribution to soil total factor contribution reach 48.49%, the total contribution of 51.51% meteorological factors. The sunshine account for 28.86% of the total contribution of ecological factors, meteorological factors account for 68.37% of total, soil factors account for 31.63%. Mature in mid rainfall contribution to leaf weight ratio is 10.38% and meteorological factors in the total contribution of 72.58% and soil factors account for 27.42%, being the highest. The stem ratio of flue-cured tobacco leaves, growing the largest contribution rate is 24.55%, soil factors account for 37.5%, meteorological factors contribution rate account for 62.5%.Study on the effects of soil and meteorological factors for three years on the appearance quality of tobacco. The highest contribution rate of ecological factors of soil is total nitrogen to tobacco leaf color, the contribution rate is 11.32%, and the total contribution of soil factors is 68.5%, meteorological factors account for 31.5%. All the ecological factors, soil available manganese level on tobacco maximum contribution rate is 9.26%, soil total factor contribution rate is 57.86%, the contribution rate of meteorological factors is 32.14%. The soil organic matter on the leaf structure is the maximum contribution factor to the leaf structure that contribution rate is 8.69%, 48.62% of the contribution rate of soil factors, meteorological factors contribution rate is 51.38%. For the identity of the blade, available manganese is also the largest impact factor, contribution rate reaches 9.48%, soil factors account for 49.73% and meteorological factors account for 50.27%, for leaf oil points, color and appearance quality score, the soil salinity is the contribution rate of the largest ecological factors, contribution rate account for 7.57%. 12.92% and 9.25%; total soil factors contribution are 53.18% and 57.62%, 60.81%; meteorological factors the total contribution respectively for 46.82% and 42.38% 39.19%.Study on the effects of soil and meteorological factors in three years of routine chemical components in tobacco leaves. The maximum precipitation of mature leaf total sugar contribution, the contribution rate of 11.36%, accounting for 84.27% of the total contribution of meteorological factors, soil factors account for 15.73%. For nicotine, transplanting sunshine contribution rate is the largest impact factor(8.01%), the total contribution rate of meteorological factors account for t 74.6%, soil factors account for 25.73%. For the total nitrogen of tobacco, transplanting period average contribution rate is the largest, reach 10.98 percent and meteorological factors account for 77.15 and soil factors account for 22.85%. Reducing sugar and total sugar of soil, but also a mature pre precipitation contribution reach 13.2%, meteorological factors account for 86.29%, soil factors account for 13.7%. The content of potassium in flue-cured tobacco leaves, while mature mid sunshine hour’s maximum contribution rate reach 6.85%, a total of 69.37% meteorological factors, soil factors account for 30.63%. The starch content in tobacco leaves, late maturity relative humidity is 11.54%, the largest contribution to soil factors account for 22.1%, meteorological factors account for 77.9%. The rosette stage maximum relative humidity, contribution to the chlorine content of tobacco leaf is 12.62%, soil factors account for 32.33%, and meteorological factors account for 67.67%.Study on the effects of soil and meteorological factors for three years on the sensory quality of tobacco leaves. For tobacco aroma characteristics, the number of hours of sunshine hours contributed the largest, tobacco aroma, aroma quality, aroma quantity, respectively, for 8.77%, 7.01%, 9.71%. Immature temperature on tobacco concentration reach 7.88%,is the largest contribution, meteorological factors and soil factors account for 75.34%and 24.66%. For tobacco leaf irritation, fast growing period relative humidity contribution rate reach 7.22%, the total contribution of soil factors reach 24.75%, the meteorological factor reach 72.25%. Fast growing period sunshine is on tobacco momentum contribution rate of the largest ecological factors, the contribution rate reach 8.69%, 80.4% meteorological factors with soil account for 19.96% respectively. For tobacco mixed gas, mature early temperature maximum contribution rate reach 9.12%. The total contribution rate of meteorological factors is 85.65%, and the soil factor is 14.35%. For tobacco leaf cleanliness, the maximum contribution rate is 8.11%, the meteorological factor is 90.33%, and the soil factor is 9.67%. During the transplanting period, the sunshine is the biggest ecological factor index of moisture and aftertaste, and the contribution rate is 10.65% and 12.04% respectively. For the sensory quality score, the mature period average temperature is the biggest ecological factor contribution rate and contribution rate is 7.13%, meteorological factors the total contribution is 77.61%, soil factors is 22.39%.