Design And Research On Hydraulic System Of Hilly Orchard Digging Fertilizing Covering Machine

With the rapid development of hilly fruit industry, solving problem of key technology of orchard is urgent. In hilly orchard management, rational fertilization is one of the important role in the fruit tree planting process. At this stage the fruit of dig fertilize are all rely on manpower to complete, which is large labor intensity and low efficiency,so it is necessary to design a machine which can finish the work of fruit trees digging, fertilization and soil covering operation at the same time,which is of great significance to reduce labor intensity and improve the efficiency of fertilization.Based on the agronomic requirements of digging fertilizer in the orchard, we designed a new orchard digging fertilizing soil covering machine and completed the prototype trial, then we designed the hydraulic system and carried out related performance test. The contents and conclusions are the following:(1) The goal of this section was to design and produce the prototype of the orchard digging-fertilizing-covering(ODFC) machine. To dig a hole for hilly orchard fertilization and cover the holes, the main technical parameters were following: digging a hole with depth of 0~400mm and 0~400 mm in diameter, 800g/hole of fertilizing amount, single-row fertilization; SolidWorks software was employed to build the 3D model and then the ODFC machine was produced. The result showed that the machine is able to meet the functional requirements of orchard digging fertilizing turns.(2) According to characteristics of the machine working process and, the hydraulic system schematic diagram was determined. According to the principle of digging shovel soil cutting, the strength of the shovel was analyzed on status of working. With the calculated resistance of the digging shovel, the maximum load of the hydraulic system was obtained. Based on the system maximum load, the hydraulic pump, hydraulic cylinder and components were selected. The performance parameters of the hydraulic system were checked to ensure their effectiveness.(3) The hydraulic system of the ODFC machine was modeled using software AMEsim. The hydraulic circuits of digging-covering structure, lifting equipment and fertilizing structure were simulated to demonstrate the feasibility of the methods by acquiring simulation curves. With the set of 1300r/min speed and 13 MPa pressure, the hydraulic system pressure of working cycle and the hydraulic cylinder displacement changing curve were obtained to verify, The curve shows that the hydraulic system completes a cycle time is 11.32 s, and the system runs smoothly.(4) After completing the hydraulic system of the prototype, the field experiment was carried out, mainly to the hydraulic pump outlet pressure, the soil hydraulic cylinder displacement of digging, rise of system temperature, especially under different engine speed conditions. The test result was correlated with the result of simulation. It indicated that the system is feasible to be applied to the optimization of the hydraulic system matching research basis.