The Study Of New Variety Selection And Nutritions Used Of Hericium Coralloidesand Use In Zambia

Hericium coralloides is afamous wild edible mushroom of Northeast in China, and it’s popular with consumers. Because Hericium coralloides has been domestication and cultivation was a short history, people didn’t start the systematic study of its nutrition utilizing laws. As for cultivation, because of the lack of scientific theory guidance, people used other edible mushroom cultivating methods, itwas always influenced the harvest and quality. Besides, most of the Hericium coralloides varieties came from the tissue isolation of wild fruiting bodies, so the strains degraded was rapidly. Therefore, we selected the new Hericium coralloides variety throughsystemic breeding andset different substances for the acclimation and cultivation in this article. According to the agricultural characters, ectoenzyme activity and the content of lignocellulose, we startedthe systematic study of its nutrition utilizing laws. We had the results as following:(1) Breeding the new Hericium coralloides variety ‘Yushanhu’through the systematic selectingThe Hericium coralloides new variety ‘Yushanhu’ came from the fruiting body tissue isolation and purification, then by the primary selection, difference identification, rematch selection and systematic selecting of five continuous generations. The hyphae look white and thick, and colony border is trim and uniform. The fruiting body looks like carol, pure white, 4~6 branch series, 2~7 main branches, single fruiting body 10.4~19.7 cm wide, 11.3~19.9 cm high.It is middle temperature variety, takes 50 days from seeding to harvest. In regional trial and production testing, compared with local varieties, every testing point increased harvest, showed a good yielding ability and dependable crop, and strong ability of resisting penicillium, and already passed the Jilin province crop variety approval committee’s variety approval in February, 2015.(2) Hericium coralloides’ s nutrition utilizing laws Setting A(sawdust 78%, reed stem 0%, wheat bran 29%, gypsum 1%, cane sugar 1%)、B(sawdust 60%, reed strem 18%, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 1%, cane sugar 1%)、C(sawdust 40%, reed strem 38%, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 1%, cane sugar 1%)、D(sawdust 18%, reed strem 60%, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 1%, cane sugar 1%)、E(sawdust 0%, reed strem 78%, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 1%, cane sugar 1%). We change the rate of sawdust and reed stem to adjust the contents of lignin and cellulose in these five sets.By testing the exoenzymes(carboxymethyl cellulose enzyme, guaiacol enzyme, laccase, filter paper cellulose, hemicellulase) activity and lignin、cellulose content of hyphae in substance of different growth stages(full bag time、first picking time、second picking time、third picking time、forth picking time), we found that the activity of carboxymethyl cellulose enzyme, filter paper cellulose and hemicellulase was generally low in full bag time, but reached the highest at the first time harvest time or second harvest time.Whereas the laccase and guaiacol enzyme’s activity wasalready high at the full bag time, and then reached the highest at the second harvest time, this resultshowed that the lignin utilization inHericium coralloides took precedence over the cellulose.And the degradation rateof lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose in full bag time respectively were 5%, 8%, 10%, but the degradation rate of them after forth picking time respectively reached 45%, 60%, 65%, this showed that in the hyphae growth stage(vegetative growth)the main source of nutrients was non-wood fiber components, but in the fruiting body growth stage(reproductive growth)the main source of nutrients waslignocellulosecomponents.Because of the lignocellulose content in substrates was different, the enzyme activity in different periods were also different in five formulas. The C formula’s enzyme activity of cellulose enzyme systemwas highest all times.In terms of lignin degradation, Aformula and B formula respectively have the highest enzyme activity of guaiacol enzyme and laccase all times. Which were matching of the highest cellulose degradation rate and the highest lignin degradation rate of B and C formula respectively.According to statistical measures the Hericium coralloides’ s agricultural characters(the time of hyphae to grow full bag, growth duration, yield, commercial property of fruiting body) of different substances. E formula which only add reed stems had the slowest hypha growth speed, the longest mature and the smallest fruiting body, the lowest yield and few branches.Don’t add reed stem A and add a lot of reed stem D of all kinds of characters were in the middle level.Add a small amount of reed stem formula((1)sawdust 60%, reed strem 18%, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 1%, cane sugar 1%) and((2)sawdust 40%, reed strem 38%, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 1%, cane sugar 1%) formula in mycelium growth rate, growth period, pollution rate, fruiting body size, yield, dry matter accumulation were superior to other recipes. According to the study of coral hedgehog nutrient utilization and cultivation of edible fungi in Zambia, "jade coral" introduction to Zambia for stable production. And the integrated innovation suitable for Zambia tropical plateau climate cultivation coral hedgehog cultivation techniques.