Isolation And Identification Of The Bioactive Components From The Extract Stellera Chamaejasme L

Stellera chamaejasme L. is a perennial herbaceous plant. Its highly competitive nature and broad ecological adaptability make it a persistent weed problem in the meadow of chian, with poisonous root, seriously affecting grazing, influence ecological systems, but its has strong insecticidal activity of agricultural pests, can be used as botanical pesticide. The study used root of Stellera chamaejasme L. as material, studied and analyzed its activity treated by different solvents extractions, screened out three kinds of target organisms, its had strong contact activities which extracted by petroleum ether and chloroform from Stellera chamaejasme root against Tetranychus truncates Ehara, Tetranychus urticae Koch, Acyrthosiphon pisum, Mythimnaseparata walker, Pieris rapae Linne, Pandemis heparana and Cereal cyst nematode. This article analyze and separate active constituent of acaricides activities compounds by Bioactivity-guided isolation method. And five kinds of coumarin compounds were phytotoxic activity and active pathway were studied by single factor method to determine the extraction conditions Stellera chameajasme species total coumarin compounds. The results as follows:1. Contact activities of the ethanol extract and its different solvent extracted fractions from roots of Stellera chamaejasme against Tetranychus truncates Ehara, Tetranychus urticae Koch, Acyrthosiphon pisum, Mythimnaseparata walker, Pieris rapae Linne, Pandemis heparana and Cereal cyst nematode were tested and compared. The results showed that, after treated with ethanol extract of S. chamaejasme, the corrected mortality of five insect at 24 h were 66.75%, 61.45%, 65.53%, 100%, 100%, 9.32% and 12.12%, respectively. The corrected mortality of before five tested pests treated with petroleum ether extracts at 24 h were 93.33%, 84.19%, 100%, 100% and 100%, and treated with chloroform extracts at 24 h were 34.47%, 35.95% and 38.60% to the Tetranychus truncates Ehara, Tetranychus urticae Koch and Acyrthosiphon pisum, respectively. The corrected mortality of the Pandemis heparana and Cereal cyst nematode trated with chloroform extracts were not verey strong. Among them, the petroleum ether extracts showed the strongest contact active against four kinds of pests, with LC50 values of 2.04 mg/m L, 0.28 mg/m L and 0.9114 mg/m L at 12 h, 0.8mg/m L, 0.037 mg/m L and 0.3605 mg/m L at 24 h, respectively. Contact activities of the petroleum ether effect is not obvious against armyworm when concentration lower than 200 mg/m L.2. This article analyze and separate active constituent of acaricides activities compounds by Bioactivity-guided isolation method. One steroid and five coumarins were isolated from petroleum ether fraction and chloroform fraction. The petroleum ether fraction and chloroform fraction from root of Stellera chamaejasme L. were studied by using chromatography techniques. The structures of the purified compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectral data and chemical evidences, they were determined as β-Sitosterol(1), Umbelliferone(2), Pureonebio(3), Daphnetin(4), Scopoletin(5), Daphnin(6). Contact activities of the six compounds from roots of Stellera chamaejasme against T.Ehara and T.Koch were tested and compared by dip-method. The results showed these six compounds exhibited significantly acaricides activities against both Tetranychus, coumpounds 1, 4 and 6 had more strong acaricides activities than others, while the concentration was 800μM/L the corrected mortality of T.Ehara at 24 h were 45.21%, 52.54% and 76.49%, with LC50 values of 0.9417, 0.6330 and 0.3146 m M, respectively. The corrected mortality of T.Koch with coumpounds 1, 4 and 6 at 24 h were 53.16%, 62.53% and 72.24%, with LC50 values of 0.6472, 0.5265 and 0.3742 m M, resprctively.3. This study has been used daphin as control, The content of total coumarin in root of Stellera chamaejasme L. was determined with standard curve. ethyl alcohol was used as extrets solvents, compared and analysis cold impregnation, hot reflux and ultrasonic assisted extraction, ultrasonic assisted extraction were the best mehod, then there has been used single factor to the modeling for extraction conditions. There has been investigated particle diameter, solvents, temperature, time and liquid-powder. The best conditions were ethyl acetate as best solvent, 55 ℃ as best temperature, 40 min as best time, 15: 1 as best liquid-powder. The extractive purified by Macroporous adsorption resin, AB-8 type was the best resin, the extraction efficiency of 50% ethanol eluent was 90%, get the most of coumarin.4. The inhibitory effects of the five compounds from root of Stellera chamaejasme L. on lettuce seedlings were tested and compared by livng-bioassay methods. The results showed that, five compounds had different allelopathic on lettuce seedings, the compounds 1 and 3 had strong inhibition on lettuce seedlings. In addition, the allelopathic mechanism of compounds 1 and 3 was studied by plant cell and physiology methods. The results showed that, under high concentrations, two allelochemicals could induce the accumulation of ROS, which caused increasing of MDA, and then influenced the cell viability. These resulted in the growth inhibition of lettuce seedlings.