The Effect Of Personality And Ability On Simulated Flight Team Effectiveness

The functional requirement of modern giant aircraft has become complexincreasingly. Most work cannot be performed by one person alone, but need to cooperatewith each other between members. Reasonable collocation of flight team, scientifictraining, and comprehensive evaluation of the flight team is an important guarantee tocomplete the mission effectively, is also an important part of CRM. According to theassociated characteristics of flight task, we study the factors affecting the safety of flightcrew working efficiently and provide some theories and methods for the flight teamselection and training. It has practical meaning to improve the working performance of theflight crew and ensure flight safety. This research mainly is divided into three parts. Part I：The preparation of simulated flight task programsObjective: To complete two patterns of flight simulated team tasks programs and examinenormality of the performance, verified the difficulty and discrimination of the tasks toprovide experiment tool for flight team research.Methods: Consult the literatures and expert interviews, complete two sets of simulatedflight task programs through abstract and simulation of the actual mission of aircrew.Completely random method is employed to select155students and the participants isdivided into31teams included5subjects and56teams included2subjects respectively tocomplete the team tasks. The same participants do the same tests two months later. UseSPSS16.0to analyze the normality, reliability, discrimination and difficulty of the taskperformance.Results:(1) The tasks performance is a nearly normal distribution.(2) Team instrumentcontrol task’s difficulty degree is0.64, distinction degree is0.41. Team orbit control task’sdifficulty degree is0.41, distinction degree is0.56.(3) The tasks have good reliability (r=0.82, r=0.75).Conclusion: The performance of two simulated flight tasks is a nearly normal distribution,and the tasks have moderate difficulty and good partition degree. They represent thedifferent flight task type and have a good consistency and stability. These two simulatedflight tasks can provide experimental method for the study of the flight team.The second part: The effect of personality and ability on flight team effectiveness intypeⅠteam task.Objective: To explore the correlation of16PF factors and team effectiveness and thecorrelation of ability factors and team effectiveness in typeⅠteam task. And try toestablish regression equation to predict flight task performance.Methods: Select156students to divide into78teams with completely random method,complete team orbit control tasks, single16PF test and basic cognitive ability test. Finishthe team satisfaction scale after the tests. Use SPSS16.0to do the descriptive statistics,correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis.Results:(1) The reliability of measuring tools used in the experiment is between0.7~ 0.81and they have good content validity.(2) The average Rwgof77teams is0.89whichconform to the requirements of the team level integration.(3) Q2(TPE, MIN), Q3(TPE), A(TPD), E (TPD) and F (TPD) are positively correlated with the team performance. I (TPE),L (TPE, MIN), M (TPE), N (TPD) and C (MIN) are negatively correlated with teamperformance. A (TPE, MAX), C (TPE, MAX) and N (TPE) are positively correlated withteam satisfaction. ANS and PA are positively correlated to the team performance. Thecorrelation coefficient of r is between0.244~0.457, with statistical significance (P <0.05).(4) Using personality factors (TPE) as independent variable, the best regressionequation to predict team performance is Y=5.661-0.242I-0.693L-0.443M+0.514Q2+0.296Q3,which explain28.2%of variance on team performance. Using personality factors (TPD) asindependent variable, the best regression equation to predict team performance is=1.573+0.201A+0.269E+0.184F-0.133N+0.137Q2, which explain31.5%of variance onteam performance. Using personality and ability factors as independent variable, the bestregression equation to predict team performance is=4.455+0.206Q3-0.662L-0.497M-0.656I+0.312CNS+0.212PA, which explain29.3%ofvariance on team performance.Conclusion:(1) In type Ⅰ task mode,16PF factors A, C, E, F, I, L, M, N, Q2, Q3, CNSand PA are correlated with the team performance. A, C, N and team satisfaction aresignificantly related.(2) Establish three regression equations to predict flight taskperformance and this method of predicting team performance through personality andability is available.The third part: The effect of personality and ability on flight team effectiveness in typeⅡteam task.The third part: The effect of personality and ability on flight team effectiveness intypeⅡteam task.Objective: To explore the correlation of16PF factors and team effectiveness and thecorrelation of ability factors and team effectiveness in typeⅡteam task. And try toestablish regression equation to predict flight task performance. Methods: Select155students to divide into31teams with completely random method,complete team instrument control tasks. Finish the team satisfaction scale after the tests.Use SPSS16.0to do the descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and multiple regressionanalysis.Results:(1) The average Rwgof31teams is0.85which conform to the requirements of theteam level integration.(2) G (TPE), A (TPD), Q1(TPD) and N (MIN) are positivelycorrelated with the team performance. E (TPE), H (TPE), L (TPE) and I (TPD) arenegatively correlated with team performance. A (TPE, MIN), C (TPE, MIN) and N (TPE)are positively correlated with team satisfaction. IC and AC are positively correlated to theteam performance. The correlation coefficient of r is between0.265~0.451, withstatistical significance (P <0.05).(4) Using personality factors (TPE) as independentvariable, the best regression equation to predict team performance is Y=28.56-1.245E-1.701H-1.229L+1.017G, which explain38.9%of variance on teamperformance. Using personality factors (TPD) as independent variable, the best regressionequation to predict team performance is=7.425+0.383A-0.245I+0.367Q1,which explain34.7%of variance on team performance. Using personality and ability factors asindependent variable, the best regression equation to predict team performance is=30.468-1.406E-1.645H+0.482G-1.773L-0.757Q1+1.123AC+0.463IC,which explain41.4%of variance on team performance.Conclusion:(1) In type Ⅱ task mode,16PF factors A, E, F, G, I, L, H, N, Q1, IC and ACare correlated with the team performance. A, C, N, H and team satisfaction aresignificantly related.(2) Establish three regression equations to predict flight taskperformance and this method of predicting team performance through personality andability is available.Above all, this research complete two simulated flight tasks based on the abstractionand simulation of real flight crew tasks. The task performance is a nearly normaldistribution, and the tasks have moderate difficulty and good partition degree. They represent the different flight task type and have a good consistency and stability. Thesetwo simulated flight tasks can provide experimental method for the study of the flightteam. In different task mode, we found that some16PF factors are related to the team taskperformance and the correlation factors are not the same, but the team satisfaction hassignificant correlation with the basically same factors. Four basic cognitive ability tests arepredictors of team task performance separately in the two task mode. And we put forwardoptimum regression equation for two kinds of team tasks to predict team performance, andthey can achieve good predictive validity. This research can provide some effectivesuggestions to make flight crew collocation more reasonable and improve the flight safety.We believe that it has some practical significance.