Research On Transportation Development And Social Change In Tianshuiarea During Anti-Japanese War

Tianshui area is portal of Gansu Province and a traffic hub among Shanxi, Gansuand Sichuan provinces, has played an important role in the ancient Silk Road, there isfamous Qian Long Road,Yin Ping Road, etc, which shows that once the traffic wasmuch developed and commercial transportation also was very busy in the area. Inmodern times, Tianshui area becomes lonely because of blocking traffic. As thecontinuity and succession of the history accidents, the article ascends and extends thetime of history time. Firstly, to elaborate the traditional background abouttransportation of Tianshui, then introduced Kong Fanjin, the local warlord, in order tomaintain their own rule at the beginning of the Republic, had repaired many of the oldcourses which are from Fuqiang to Malu town and from Yunshan to Dingxi, but thereis no greater changed. Focuse on the period of Anti-Japanese, based on previousconstruction traffic on the Tianshui area, for its “rear area” of the special status, thenational government payed highly attention on the construction in Tianshui, alongwith traffic development on the agenda. Huashaung Road, Baotian railwayconstruction and operation of the station started, which made transport undertakerapidly in Tianshui area, although subjected to technical restrictions and lack of fundsand other factors, Gansu-Shanxi second-tier road and Baotian railway constructionfailed to obtain better transport effects. However, it is not easy to achieve such a resulton traffic development in the situation at the time. Development of transportationmade road transport, railway transport, station transportation industry developwell,witch palyed important role for the transportation of military supplies, dailynecessities of people and industrial products during wartime, laying the foundation forthe traffic development of Tianshui later period.Driven by the development of transportation, all levels of society have changedgreatly. Because of Tianshui special geographical location, from the Revolutioncontest, battle White Wolf uprising, the Battle of Yunnan, the battle between thevarious warlords, as well as contest between the national army and the Red Army, allof which were affected by traffic, Chiang Kai-shek also set up Tianshui in the war asthe line of business, the relationship between and political change and trafficdevelopment is extremely close during the wartime in Tianshui; in economic aspects,with the development of transportation, trade were more convenient in Tianshui area, fur trade developed rapidly in Zhangjiachuan County, the foreign population andbusinesses moved in, Tianshui match factory, flour mills, etc, which were the modernchemical industry, developed well; culture and education made significantdevelopment with the schools of National Fifth high school, National Tenth highschool and China University of Mining in Tianshui. Road became convenient andclose with the outside world, which played an important role in the changes ofpeople’s social customs and ideology.This paper attempts to comb the historical context of traffic development duringthe Anti-Japanese War period in Tianshui from the dimension of regional history, inorder to explore the development of its transport characteristics, and on the basis inanalyzing a lot of material, focus on the discussion of relationship betweentransportation industry and social change in Tianshui area.