Comparative Discussion Of Lisao And Divine Comedia’s Literary Techniques By The Theories Of Semiotics And Structuralism

There are many papers about LiSao’s and Divine Comedia’s art characteristicresearch, as well as the comparative study of two works.This paper tries to utilizesemiotics and structuralism to conduct comparative discussion on the three levels ofliterary technique.This made the comparative study of LiSao and Divine Comedia moreorderly and this is different from before and is more scientific in that the paper usingactual data to reveal the literary phenomena of the two works.That LiSao and Divine Comedia have different features,from the literary technique,isdue to that different writer chooses different type of literary techniques,which includesnarration,lyric and description on the minimal literary leve,unitary event and unitaryimagy on the unitary literary technique level,and theme,stylistics,writingstyle,structure and characterization on the textual literary technique level.Lookingfrom the perspective of literary techniques,the two works both are subjective andtranscendental works.But LiSao has strong lyric element under the subjective andtranscendental framework,and this embodies the characteristics influenced by "Bixing"which is a traditional Chinese poem techniqe.But divine comedy under the overallsubjective and transcendental framework appears as objective narration, description,this embodies the characteristic of the western medieval spirit epic under the dualinfluence of “imitation theory”in the west and the middle age’s “fable theory”.Thisbasic characteristics of the two works will be discussed concretely in the article fromthe three literary technique levels.Through the segmentation on the minimal literary level, we discovered that the twoworks are different in using the three types of the minimal literary technique.LiSaofocuses more on narration and lyric,which respectively account for39.6%and38.2%of the total;description is relatively less used in LiSao,only22.2%of the total.Also thesegmentation on the minimal literary level indicates that most lyric is utilized in thefirst half of LiSao, narration is used more in the second half of LiSao Divine Comediapays much attention on utilizing narration and desctiption, which respectively account for51.4%and44.3%of the total;while lyric is little used,only4.3%of the total that ismuch less than LiSao’s38.2%;while LiSao’s description,22.2%,is also much less thanDivine Comedia’s44.3%.we also revealed that on the minimal literary level LiSao uses a lot ofBixing-metaphors which formd several complete sequences;while on this level DivineComedia is full of epic similes but did not compose complete system.In addition,Divine Comedia utilizes a large number of allusion-metaphors,most drawn fromChristian world,which reflect Divine Comedia’s religious atmosphere;while there is noallusion in a strict sense in LiSao.On the unitary literary technique level,LiSao’s components,which consists of threelayers,are relatively less complicated than Divine Comedia’s,which comprises of fourlayers.The segmentation of LiSao’s unitary literary technique also indicares that LiSaoutilizes on this level not only local symbol but also whole symbol.Its symbol advancedon the base of the metaphors on the minimal literary level by the means ofmegametaphor. Divine Comedia also has symbol on this level,which part were createdby Dante and part came from Christian world. Divine Comedia notably use fable in itsnarrating,which made up of three layers:big fable,medium fable,small fable.while thereis no fable in LiSao.On the textual literary technique level,the first is that the structural arrangements ofLiSao and Divine Comedia are not same;the second is that the modeling of figures aredifferent.The motional thread in LiSao lined up the whole poem,while Divine Comediaadopted both line-structure and space-structure. LiSao puts its character into conflictsof “go or stay”and use artistic techniques of contrast and pouring one’s heart outdirectly to describe a character.According to Christian concept of good and evil DivineComedia classified its characters into different types.All characters in Divine Comediahave the same features of allegory and typedization.