Research On The Philosophy Of Mind And Nature Proposed By Hu Hong

In the Song and Ming dynasty, on the questions that what is the original substance of the philosophy,there had been several proposals as follows,‘theory on original state of material force’ proposed byZhang Zai,‘theory on original state of principle’ proposed by Er Cheng and ‘theory on original state ofmind’ proposed by Lu Wang. In addition, Hu Hong proposed that ‘nature’ is the original substance ofeverything in the universe. Surrounded by the philosophy of original substance theory of his ‘theory onoriginal state of nature’, the philosophical theory system of mind and nature has been promoted creatively.‘Nature’has been considered as the original substance of the universe by Hu Hong, which has beenmetaphysical, eternal, and non-changeable. Everything in the universe has been metaphysical andnon-changeable. Nature of metaphysics has been the root of everything in the universe, appearing naturefunction of metaphysics. The nature and materials cannot be separated.‘Nature’ has been considered asthe original substance of the universe by Hu Hong. Everything in the universe has been consisted of natureand materials force. There has been an original nature in everything of the universe. However, whenoriginal nature distributed among everything in the universe, due to the different appearance of everything,each thing has its own unique characteristics. On the questions of good or evil of human nature, Hu Hongproposed that there has been neither good nor evil in the human nature, but the nature has good or badfeature. The nature of sages and fools in the human nature has been illustrated obviously. The proposal of‘neither good nor evil in the human nature, but with good or bad’ by Hu Hong showed the differencebetween mind nature philosophy and dominant neo-confucianism theory of mind nature.‘Nature’ in Hu Hong’s theory has been the root of everything in the universe, and everything has appeared nature function of metaphysics. Which way has everything in the universe to appear naturefunction of metaphysics? Hu Hong believed that everything has appeared nature function of metaphysics inform of ‘mind’, because the mind has the functions of knowing the world and governing everything.‘Nature’ and ‘mind’ has been integrated, namely the relationship between ‘nongermination’ and‘versus germination’, and between ‘original substance’ and ‘functions’. Hu Hong also pointed outthat the achievement of the unity of mind and nature has been the premise of ‘fully develop one’s mind and know one’s nature’.In the theory of Gongfu on mind and nature, Hu Hong believed that it required to observe theknowledge of non—germination nature, then versus germination mind has been self-controlled, furthermore, the things has been accepted to understand the theory of everything. Theory of Gongfu on mind andnature proposed by Hu Hong emphasized Gongfu in appearance, and also internal reflection. Thesubsequence of Gongfu cultivation has been different from Er Cheng and other sages, forming uniquetheory of Gonggu in Hu-Xiang School.On the basis of the inherit and development of Traditional Chinese thoughts of his father Hu’AnGuo,against the original substance of ‘nature’ as everything in the universe, Hu-Xiang School has beencreated by Hu Hong. The theory of Gongfu on mind and nature proposed by Hu Hong has significantimpact on ‘theory on original state of principle’ school represented by Zhu Xi and ‘theory on originalstate of mind’ school represented by Lu Jiuyuan. The philosophy of mind and nature proposed by HuHong as well as Hu-Xiang School created by him has played an important role in the development ofprinciple academics in the Song and Ming dynasty.