The Rhyming Study Of Representative Guanzhong Poets In The Late Ming And Early Qing Dynasty

Li Yindu, Sun Zhiwei and Li Bai were the three famous poets in the Guanzhong(关中) Region of Shaanxi Province during the Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasty. In terms of creative achievement, quantity and influence, their poetries were the most typical of all poets in Guanzhong Region. In this paper, we use the rhymes of Li Yindu’s(李因笃)Shouqi Tang Poetry Anthology (《受祺堂诗集》), Sun Zhiwei’s(孙枝蔚)Gai Tang Poetry Anthology(《溉堂集》) and Li Bai’s(李柏)Hu Ye Poetry Anthology (《槲叶集》)and Nanyou Cao Poetry Anthology (《南游草》)as the object of study. We collect their rhyming words in the classical style poems and the modern style poems, discriminate the rhyming words in the final foot of verses, confirm the rhyming combinations, and unite the rhyming words in the final foot of verses in order to conclude these two rhyming systems respectively. On this basis, by comparing these two rhyming systems, we conclude these three poets actual rhyming system finally. And we also study the special phonetic phenomenon in the actual rhyming combinations.In the study, we find that the rhyming of these three poets’modern style poems and classical style poems is close to Guangyun(《广韵》)system ("Pingshuiyun(平水韵)”or "Libuyun(礼部韵)”system), but the rhyming of classical style poems shows some phonetic features which are found in the "Guanhua’’(官话)system(We adopt Ye Baokui’s view that using the Yinyun Chanwei(《音韵阐微》)system as the representative.) of the Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasty and the Guanzhong dialect phonology comparatively. More Specifically Speaking, the separate and combination of the classical style poems’ rhyme classes largely reflects and lasts the phonetic features of "Guanhua" which had been appeared in the mid-Ming, such as,"-m" and "-n" syllable coda combination, three Ru Sheng (入声)syllable coda "-p","-t" and "-k", had been attenuated and combined to glottal stop, etc. Several special rhyming reflects some phonetic features of Guanzhong dialect,and these phonetic features also can be found in the Guanzhong dialect today. At last, there is some special rhyming which we can’t explain using "Guanhua" system and Guanzhong dialect. We try to explain a part of these special rhyming,but there is still several which we can’t explain. We consider that these special rhyming may have some special phonetic source, awaiting further study.The paper concludes five parts. Aside from the introduction and the conclusion, the other three chapters are the main part of this paper.Chapter one is the actual rhyming system of the representative Guanzhong poets in the Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasty. By collecting these three poets’ rhyming words in the classical style poems and the modern style poems, uniting the rhyming words in the final foot of verses to conclude these two rhyming systems respectively, and comparing these two rhyming systems, we conclude these three poets’ actual rhyming system finally.Chapter two is mismatch rhyming(出韵)and phonetics change of "Guanhua".From the following three aspects, rhyme class discussion, character pronunciation discussion and intonation discussion, we conclude the phonetics phenomenon of "Guanhua" which these three poets’ actual rhyming reflects.Chapter three is the phonetic features of Guanzhong dialect that these three poets’ actual rhyming reflects. In this chapter, by character pronunciation discussion and intonation discussion, we conclude the phonetic features of Guanzhong dialect which are been reflected in the three poets’ actual rhyming. Finally, there is the special rhyming which we can’t explain using "Guanhua" system and Guanzhong dialect. We try to explain a part of these special rhyming,but there is still several which we can’t explain. We consider that these special rhyming must have some special phonetic source, awaiting further study.