Study On The Value Assessment System Of Intangible Cultural Heritage

Intangible cultural heritage plays an irreplaceable role in the national culture and economic development process. However, there are some problems in the definition and utilization of intangible cultural heritage in our country. These problems include the abuse of the concept or definition, excessive exploitation, inadequate protection of heritage and other aspects. The essential reason for this situation is that we lack systematic and scientific assessment system for the value of intangible cultural heritage, which make us cannot protect or develop heritages effectively.At present, foreign and domestic researches on the construction of value assessment system are fewer, and scholars have not reached a consensus in this area, which means that construct a reasonable evaluation system is necessary. The frangibility of intangible cultural heritage determines the great urgency of scientific assessment, effective protection and development. Moreover, people are overly concerned with the current economic value of intangible cultural heritage. In fact, most of them only focus on protecting the body (such as buildings, artwork, etc.) and ignore the deep connotation, dimension and value mining. These problems often appear and must be taken into account seriously and finally solved.This paper focuses on the study of intangible cultural heritage, combining foreign and domestic researches and findings, to define the scope of intangible cultural heritage. Employing the questionnaires, factor analysis and other research methods, it studies the composition and characteristics of the value of intangible cultural heritage, creatively from the cultural capital, cultural economics, perception and other point of view. According to the logical relationship between the various elements of value, this paper defines and measures the value of intangible cultural heritage from several comprehensive and detailed aspects, and then builds value assessment system. We use the relevant statistical analysis model to complete the quantitative research, which helps to provide a theoretical framework for the value assessment.Fengshan is a traditional ceremony in ancient China that the emperors offered sacrifices to heaven and earth on Mount Tai. Currently, the ceremony has become an old custom, which is defined as cultural space, a specific kind of intangible cultural heritage. Based the example of the custom of Fengshan on Mount Tai, combining theory and practice, this paper collects data and makes the empirical research, and investigates the transformation process of heritage value and the development path of marketization.We believe that the characteristics of the intangible cultural heritage contain immateriality, diversity, dependence, heredity, frangibility, and regional and national character. Based on these characteristics and the related theory and research, this paper designs 30 indicators to assess the value of intangible cultural heritage. Then design 30 corresponding questions, according to these indicators and based on Fengshan custom, to acquire the perception and awareness of the value from the tourists and community residents, in the form of a questionnaire.Using factor analysis for data processing, the paper extracts five factors. According to the content and features of each factor, we summarize the characteristics of each factor and classify these factors as five dimensions, including aesthetic value, spiritual and educational value, social value, historical value and economic value. Subsequently, this paper gets expressions for each factor and the comprehensive value assessment model. An important finding is that the factor owning the most explanatory power is the aesthetic value, then followed the spiritual and educational value, social value, historical value and economic value.This paper studies the relationship between people’s attitudes and their judgment of intangible cultural heritage value. It concludes that people’s judgment about value directly affects their satisfaction of the actual experience, the understanding of the intangible cultural heritage and intent on experiencing once again.On the basis of theoretical and empirical research, this paper presents the transformation model between intangible cultural heritage and cultural capital for the first time. We elaborate the theoretical model and operating mechanism.The operating process begins with the analysis of the basic facts of intangible cultural heritage. Based on the characteristics of the heritage, we design the value assessment system, and then make qualitative and quantitative analysis for the structure of value system. Given the lack of tangible forms of manifestation, we can rely on research institutes and related industries, and adopt industrialization, commercialization, etc., to realize the value accumulation and increment of the intangible cultural heritage. Decompose the value creation process gradually, and then form a complete value chain. After the extraction and distillation of value, we can transform the intangible cultural heritage into cultural capital. On this basis, the cultural capital will continue to be extended in practice, thus affecting the various dimensions of the intangible cultural heritage value. This process is cyclical.Finally, this paper provides different types of development path of marketization according to different types of intangible cultural heritage, such as commercialization, festivals, projects and branding.