Equal Principle And Legislative Compromise: Study On U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Policy (1964-1972)

The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Policy is the vital part of the U.S.Employment and Manpower Training Policy and established by VII of Civil Rights Act of 1964. The goal of this policy is to forbid the employment discrimination based on the race, color, sex, religion and nationality and protect the equal employment opportunity for minorities. Moreover, it establishes the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission which takes the responsibility on the enforcement of Equal Employment Opportunity Policy and charging the violation of the EEO law. The amendments of 1972 not only broad the coverage of the EEO law, strength the power of EEOC, but also become the milestone of the EEO policy. Although the EEO policy has great achievements, as the product of congressional compromise, it inevitably has some problems in contents and enforcement.This dissertation applies lots of American governmental documents, research agencies and scholar’s works on EEO policy, making a fully review and investigation of the establishment and adjustment of EEO policy, and emphasizing the congressional debate on the EEO bills.This dissertation consists four parts which includes introduction, main body, conclusion and reference.The introduction mainly reviews the U.S. and Chinese scholar’s works on EEO policy and also makes a brief introduction of the research method, theory and suggestions.The main body includes three parts.The first part firstly introduces the historical background of EEO policy, and then analyses the congressional debate on H. R.7152 and the congressional compromise.The second part fully analyses the contents of VII and its limitations. This part focus on the congressional debate and compromise on the review and amendments of EEO policy.The third part mainly analyses the outcomes of EEO policy during this period of time in the perspective of economic and political as well as thoughts. It also analyses the problems of EEO policy in the aspect of administration.The conclusion summarizes the reasons of establishment, the characteristics and the future of EEO policy.