A Study Of The Distribution Of Grain System In The Qin And Han Dynasties

The Qin dynasty is the first unified, centralized dynasty in the history of our country.It’s systems have a huge impact on later generations. The Han dynasty inherited the systems of the Qin dynasty and constantly promote their development. As a self-sufficient agricultural economy country, there is no doubt that grain is very important. In order to maintain the social order and complete the various political purposes,The government must take the distribution of grain as an important rule content.Because the distribution of grain run through to the various social strata in the Qin and Han dynasties period,the rulers are always focus on grain problems. Through to the study of distribution of grain from government can not only deepen the understanding of the rulers policies, but also help us to restore people’s daily life of the Qin and Han.dynasties period.The establishment and management of granaries is very important for the distribution of grain from government.The state granary system is mainly composed of granary system according to the administrative division and military granary system.The former includes the central warehouses, the provincial warehouses and the prefectural warehouses.The latter includes duwei warehouses, houguan warehouses and bu warehouses.In addition the warehouses of praedial institution and the warehouses of agriculture institution are powerful supplement for state granary system.All granary systems cooperate with each other to Guarantee the nation’s grain supply and military security.Every granary set corresponding level managers as the level of high and low and make comprehensive management measures.The management measures.include making brochure,giving the check book to higher authorities,sealing the granary and brochure,verificating grain granary or brochure and guarding granary. They effectively guarantee the normative,and security of the distribution of grain from government.The distribution of grain system mainly includes the monthly supply of grain and The supply of food from post houses in the Qin and Han dynasties period. The purpose of the monthly grain supply is to maintain basic survival of people.and it has a wide coverage.The supply group includes officials, army soldiers, criminals, the official slave, the entourage and private followers of officials,the family members of soldiers who come to edge of the county with the army,the children of official slaves who having no working ability, the elderly, prisoners and Official livestock.the monthly supply of grain is mainly giving raw grain which not shelled for people.The way of choosing grain type reflect the characteristics of suiting measures to local conditions, he amount of supply is having slightly difference according to the status and level of different.Post house provide food for people and horses in the process of travel who working for government.and it usually provides food according to the meal supply and has multiple standards.The nearby county and township provide food by the times when passing the area which having no post house.In the situation of having the need to make a good time the government will supply solid food for people in advance.