An Analysis On The Development Of German Aviation Interests In Latin America During The Period Of Evelopment Of Latin American Civil Aviation(1919-1934)

From 1939 to 1942, the United States Department of State and the Pan American Airways had spent 3 years eliminating all German and Italian aviation interests in South America to secure Western Hemisphere. The reason why it lasted for 3 years is that at this time German and Italian aviation interests in South America had so huge an influence that some American Republics governments wanted to keep them. Why could German and Italian aviation have such a huge influence? It is because the development of German aviation interests in "the Period of Development of Latin American Civil Aviation" had successfully laid a foundation for the expansion of German and Italian aviation interests after 1935. Thus, this dissertation will analyze the development of German aviation interests, SCADTA, LAB, VARIG and Syndicato Condor, during the "Period of Development" to see how the development of German aviation interests in this period promoted the expansion of German and Italian aviation interests after 1935.This dissertation is divided into three parts: the first part is the introduction, it mainly introduces the origin of thesis and the purposes of this dissertation, the significance of the thesis and the features of the research, the research methods, the review of interrelated thesis among foreign scholars and defined the related concepts of this dissertation.The second is the text consisting of 4 chapters. The first chapter is about the background of the establishment of German aviation interests, including the fact that German aircraft manufacturers had broken through the restrictions of Treaty of Versailles to build aircrafts, the fact that Latin American countries were weak in aviation and Germany’s close ties with Latin America.The second and third chapters are about the development of German Aviation Interests. The two chapters are based on the 2nd Chapter of The Struggle for Airways in Latin America where the author divided the Period of Development into Pioneering Period and Period of Trunk Route Development. During the Pioneering Period, the development of German aviation interests were so successful. At the end of 1927, German Aviation Interests in Latin America consisted of 4 airlines, including SCADTA in Colombia, LAB in Bolivia and VARIG and Syndicato Condor in Brazil. Although in 1925 SCADTA and Condor Syndikat failed in establishing Colombia-Central America- Cuba-Florida route, at this time German Aviation Interests still possessed absolute advantage in Latin America. However, during the "Period of Trunk Route Development", the development of German aviation interests mingled with hope and fear. With the fermentation of the Great Depression and the juggernaut-like advance of Pan American airways in Latin America, German aviation interests fell into crisis. Although LAB, VARIG and Syndicato Condor got rid of crisis with the help of Bolivian Government, the government of Rio Grande do Sul and Deutsch Luft Hansa, SCADTA which established a truck line linking Panama, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru was merged by Pan American Airways because SCADTA could not get rid of crisis. Although LAB gained a monopolistic position in Bolivia and Condor promoted DELAG and DLH to establish Germany-Brazil airship route and Germany-Brazil seaplane route, German aviation interests never possessed the prominent position in Latin America any longer.The fourth chapter is the evaluation of the achievements and faults of German aviation interests in Latin America. Their achievements includes the acquisition of acceptance on themselves from the South American countries’ governments where they registered and the amplification of their influence in Latin America. Its lessons includes that German Aviation Interests should have expanded their routes in Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Peru and Ecuador and each airline of German Aviation Interests should have cooperated with each other. As German and Italian aviation interests exerted the achievements of German Aviation Interests before 1934 and learnt from their faults, German and Italian aviation interests eventually extended their airways to Argentina, Chile, Peru and Ecuador and enhanced their prominent positions in Brazil and Bolivia.The third part is the conclusion. It emphasizes that the development of German aviation interests in the period of development of Latin American civil aviation had a great influence on the expansion of German and Italian aviation interests after 1935.