The Investigation And Study Of Gansu Manchu Town In Qing Dynasty

After the Qing Dynasty was established by Manchu in China.In order to assert its dominance among Han who accounts for the majority of the population in China and other minority groups,the governance of Manchu decided to send the army of the Eight Banners residing in China’s important cities and military units to form the Eight Banners in garrison.Along with the form of the system "the Eight Banners in garrison",Eight Banners soldiers and their families settled in military forts,namely the Manchu town,across the country.Throughout the whole Qing Dynasty,Qing government built above 20 Manchu towns,these towns had played essential role in the maintaining of political stability and carrying out counterinsurgency in some places later.During the Qing Dynasty,Eight Banners built three main Manchu towns in Gansu(including the region across Gansu today,the most part of Ningxia,Xingjiang and some areas of Qinghai),there are the town of Ningxia,the town of Zhuanglang(Yongdeng) and the town of Liangzhou(Wuwei) respectively.These Manchu Towns played a very significant role in maintaining the stability of political situation and society in the area of Gansu,they witnessed the most of history of "the Eight Banners in garrison" in Gansu throughout Qing Dynasty as a governing tool,which have a very important influence on military and policy of north-western areas of Qing.Moreover,the establishment and layout of Manchu Town is a perfect reference to research the culture and society of Qing Dynasty.Manchu Towns of Gansu are about 300 years old,they are of considerable values as to archaeology and history.the last part of thesis will describe the issues of protection and utilization of Manchu Town of Gansu.