The Research Of Beiwei San Zhang System

San Zhang system is an important grassroots management system in ancient China which purpose is to control the population,household statistics and tax levy made. San Zhang system began to implement in the Northern Wei period(AD 486)and abolished in Sui dynasty(AD 589) about a hundred years. San Zhang system mixed with land system(Jun tian system) and tax system(Zu yun diao system).San Zhang system not only expanded the population and provided the manpower resources, but also increased the financial sources of the Northern Wei Dynasty. And more important it consolidated and deepened the social foundation of ruling dynasty and made the Northern Wei Dynasty maintained a relatively stable basic social order in a long time.The purpose of this paper is to conduct a comprehensive discourse about the related issues of San Zhang system.It’s divided into five parts.The first part is the introduction that mainly discusses the purpose and significance of the study, present research conditionof San Zhang system,thoughts.The second part introduces the historical background of the San Zhang system. Including the foundation of Northern Wei Dynasty, Emperor Xiaowen reform and Li Chong. In these circumstances, San Zhang system has become very necessary and reasonable.The third part mainly discusses several problems related to the San Zhang system. At first, it’s necessary to further research the accurate year of the San Zhang system establishment up; Secondly,to analyse the relationship among San Zhang system, Zong zhu du hu system and Jun tian system. Thirdly, to explain the function and position of San Zhang system.And pointed out the core function of the San Zhang system is inventory account to make sure the reasonable allocation of land and national corvee taxes collection.The fourth partemphasize on influence of San Zhang system. It mainly presents two aspcets: ruling people in politics and include households in economics. At the same time, objectively analyses limitatix and compromise of San Zhang system under the certain background.The fifth part companes San Zhang system of Northern Dynasty with basic social management of Southern Dynasty to find out the unique advantage on controlling foundamental society of San Zhang system in Northern Dynasty.The last part is the conclusion to summarize, explain the whole text.Although the system was severely damaged in the Northern Wei Dynasty, but it ascend from Shen wu organization in Qin and Han Dynasties and connect with Lin bao system in Tang Dynasty.Saying system of Northern Dynasty and culture of the Southern Dynasty.It is one of the key system to change the society from the Wei and Jin aristocratic society to Sui and Tang centralization of state power Dynasties.It Is a transitional form between Han and Tang Dynasties base management system and have a good reference and inspiration to future generations of grass-roots management. We think, San Zhang system in economic and political education, or in the village have played an irreplaceable role, but can not change the fact that their humble.