Investigation And Research On The Advanced Vocabulary In TSCL On The Basis Of “small Triangle” Theory

The Graded Chinese Syllables, Characters and Words for the Application of Teaching Chinese to the Speakers of Other Languages(Hereinafter referred to as Grading) is the first national standard of TCSL issued by Ministry of Education and National Language Committee. Grading sets rules for the grading of syllables, characters and words in TCSL and provides the charts for syllables, characters, and words in TCSL. In the light of new multi-dimensional balanced thinking, the vocabulary chart is graded into Level 1(common grade), Level 2(middle grade), and Level 3(high grade). For the convenience of foreign students whose major is Chinese and other high-proficiency learners, Grading provides an advanced “appendix” vocabulary which includes 1461 words. From the aspect of linguistic outside form, the words included in the advanced “appendix” vocabulary are mostly polysyllabic and disyllabic words take a leading; phenomenon of sound change like light tone and rhotic accent, etc. occur in some words. The words included are mostly nouns and verbs, and there are also 56 multi-category words which are of nouns, verbs and adjectives. From the aspect of linguistic inside form, the words included in the advanced “appendix” vocabulary are simple words and compound words. On the basis of the hierarchical relationship of meaning grading in A Thesaurus of Modern Chinese, the word list includes 8 level 1, 54 Level 2, 354 Level 3, 784 Level 4 and 1206 Level 5; 146 words have several meanings. From the aspect of the form of language value, locutions and idioms in the advanced “appendix” vocabulary have multiple pragmatic values; The investigation and research of the meaning of the words included in the word list should be practiced based on the realistic context.