Research On Reclamation In Gorlos Front Banner During Qing Dynasty

In early Qing Dynasty, Manchu rulers employed the "Prohibition" Policy to stop the inland farmers from going to Mongolian regions to cultivate lands. However, the policy failed to work. A number of Mongolian banners had been going through private reclamation from middle to late Qing Dynasty. During the "New Policy" period in late Qing Dynasty, Manchu rulers replaced the previous policy with a new one that allowed complete reclamation by inlanders out of the so-called "Migration for Consolidated Border", set up new states and counties, and intensified ruling over Mongolians. Since then, Mongolian banners entered the official reclamation phase.This paper is mainly based on previous research and historical material including original archives to discuss the reclamation in Gorlos Front Banner, trying to show the historical process from private reclamation to official reclamation and its influence. The text consists of three chapters. The first chapter primarily elaborates on the general situation of the private reclamation in Gorlos Front Banner. The second chapter lays stress upon official reclamation in Gorlos Front Banner, covering the content of measure and reclamation of Changling wasteland, setting up sub-branch of Qing Dynasty Taxation Bureau, etc. The third chapter clarifies the establishment of Fus, Tings and counties as well as Mongolians’reclamation activity in Gorlos Front Banner over the private and official reclamation period.