Study On The Structure Of Locative Prepositional Phrase In Teaching Chinese As Second Language

In Chinese, there is a sentence structure that predicate verb pluses locative prepositional phrases.For example: put on the ground;hang on the wall;sit on the couch ect. There are some errors when overseas students learn this structure.The creative conception of this thesis is to analyze the error types and cause from five aspects: qualification of syntax,semantics and pragmatics and the rules of application of preposition and noun of locality.“Chinese Textbook”(Russian Version) was taken as corpus sources.Part one: in this part, research background, research purpose, research significance, corpus sources and research approach are introduced and a summary about what others have done on this subject is also included. In the thesis, the research method of the structure“verb+locative prepositional phrase”are combined with syntax,semantics and pragmatics.The relationship of verbs meaning and noun composition are also the important elements to consider.Part two: Statistical analysis of corpus sources from the book “Chinese Textbook” are through three perspectives:sentence category,special sentence patterns and the collocation of verbs and prepositionsPart three:Starting from the corpus, it is going to talk about this sturcture “ verb+locative prepositional phrase”from syntax,semantics and pragmatics. First, all sentences containing this sturcture “ verb+locative prepositional phrase”are found. Then it analyzes the requirement of this structure as to preposition and verbs meaning from semantic structure.And prepositions that can be in the structure “ verb+locative prepositional phrase”are found. In this part, it also analyzes the verb semantic features. At the end, it compares this structure of pragmatic conditions from “topic-statement” and focus.Part four:in this part, the law of appearance and disappearance of preposition and noun of locality is analyzed. There are seven conditions about the law of appearance and disappearance: prepositon must appear, be absent, can appear or not; noun of locality must appear,must not appear,can appear or not and prepositon and noun of locality both disappear. According to the analysis of the corpus, the reasons of ellipsis are given.Part five: It is going to analyze the error which are from the corpus of Beijing Language and Culture University Chinese Proficiency Test(HSK) dynamic composition and Tajikistan Students Chinese Interlanguage. Syntactic types of errors are syntactic position error,omission and wrong order. Semantic angle errors are wrong verbs, prepositions and noun of locality using, omissions of preposition and noun of locality.According to all the factors, the reasons causing these errors mainly are: unclear understanding of the conditions of this structure and the law of appearance and disappearance of locative nouns, negative transfer of native language, overgeneralization of target language and fault of textbook compilation and teaching.Gives several advice to foreign students in learning such structure。Part six: It is the summary of the whole thesis and some shortcomings are put forward.