"One Project One Discussion With Financial Awards Or Complements":a New Mechanism Of China’s Rural Public Goods Supply

Research on rural public goods supply has important theoretical significance and practical significance."One Project One Discussion with Financial Awards or Complements" is a new mechanism of China’s rural public goods supply in recent years. Basing on this reality, China’s rural public goods problem is inspected from several aspects, including theory, historical changes, operation mechanism and case analysis.Firstly, the analysis shows that since Samuelson defined strictly pure public goods, Musgrave’s Useful Products, Atkinson’s Quasi Public Products, Buchanan’s Club Goods, Olsen’s Group Public Goods, Tiebout’s Local Public Goods and Marmolo’s Constitutionalism Public Goods have separately analyzed Public Goods form different from angels. However, China’s Rural Public Goods besides has the general properties of public goods, also has its own internal special attributes. Within the scope of rural area, rural public goods has a distinguishing feature, that is non-competitive of consumption and non-excludability of benefit within certain scope and certain degree. Specifically, the purity of rural public goods lies in (0,1) with different benefit scopes, which exists independently in rural area and is one kind of Local Public Goods, relative to urban public goods.Secondly, it is proposed that, since the funding of China its rural public goods supply h Has experienced three periods as follows:peasant’s autonomous mutual supply period, countryside’s collective unified supply period, villager’s autonomy with Three Withdraw-and-retain and Five Overall-plan period, and peasant’s self-raise with One Project One Discussion with Financial Awards or Complements period. During the planned economy period and the reform and opening-up period, the internal logic of the institutional arrangements in China is that in order to push forward country’s industrialization, it is necessary for China to extract resources from rural area. As a result, rural public goods mainly came from rural basic-level government’s autonomous supply. Since the transformation of rural economic and management organization in the reform and open-up, the implementing of the household contract system and the country-government-is-governed-in-village has made the peasant become the main body of rural public goods supply and step onto the center of management. Then the government, especially the central government, which used to be management center, gradually delegated power to the society and became relatively marginal role in public goods supply during the age of One Project One Discussion and Accumulate Funds and Accumulate Labors. Thus, the government has stepped to the relatively center of encouraging the peasant’s enthusiasm of investing in public goods.Then, taking a village as a example, the actual operation and efficiency of the new rural public goods supply mechanism, One Project One Discussion with Financial Awards or Complements, is analyzed. In this case, the actual operation includes four steps:proposing the project, generating plan, checking plan and publishing plan. Because of its coerciveness, the new mechanism has brought considerable benefits:firstly, the following Nash Equilibrium of cooperation and implementing has improved the level of rural public goods supply; secondly, the new mechanism has lead to a new cooperation mode of village committee and villager, which has driven the benign interaction of rural government; thirdly, a win-win situation between the government and the people has come out and the satisfaction of the people on the government has increased.In the end, a conclusion is given: China’s rural public goods should be defined as quasi public goods, and its current new supply mechanism, One Project One Discussion with Financial Awards or Complements, has given an expression to the administering transform of rural public affairs. At the same time, there is a space for further study on changing the finance apportionment mode of rural public goods from disequilibrium to equilibrium and on efficiently promoting the following management of the project basing on One Project One Discussion with Financial Awards or Complement.