Research On The Basic Public Services Equalization Between Urban And Rural Areas In China

After more than30years of reform and opening-up, China’s economic construction has made remarkable progress,In the new stage, how to promote and realize the development of all the social members is a new problem for our government. Due to long-term historical accumulation of the gap between urban and rural areas, especially in the field of basic public services is particularly outstanding, which has a tendency to widen. The quality and quantity of basic public services which rural residents can enjoy are much less than the urban residents. Basic public service is one of the most important aspects of the society. It affects the residents’ income level and living standards. Constantly improving the rural basic public services level and promoting the equal basic public services in urban and rural areas are beneficial for the sustainable development and the overall progress of the society and economy.At first this article reviews relevant research results about equal basic public services at home and abroad. According to the situation of our country, the research progress in the field of urban and rural gap has carried on the systematic review. As a point of penetration, it’s a starting point and the foothold, also the theoretical basis of this paper to study the gap between urban and rural areas and the residents’ living standard from the perspective of basic public services in the field of service.After the theoretical review and concept definition, through a large amount of data this article analyses the equalization in basic public services between urban and rural areas in our country on three aspects:basic education, health care and social security. These studies illustrate the current low levels of rural basic public service supply and the necessity and urgency to promote the equal basic public services between urban and rural areas.Besides, this article investigates the rural medical care and basic education supplies through the empirical analysis. This paper discusses the rural basic public service’s current situation of supply, the changes of its level and the impact on rural residents’ living standards. The empirical results show that before and after the NCMS (the New rural Cooperative Medical System), due to the changes of per capita health costs of rural residents, significant changes have taken place in the living standards of rural residents. On the other hand, the rural education cost and the per capita net income of rural households has established a relatively stable positive co-integration relationship. Both empirical results show that the correlation between the government financial support to the basic public services with the residents living standard is higher in the countryside than in the town.In order to improve the level of rural basic public service supply and promote the realization of the equal basic services of urban and rural areas, on the basis of the above theoretical analysis and empirical research, this article has come up with advice on three aspects:the government’s realization of absolute responsibility for equal basic public services between urban and rural areas;more financial investment on the rural basic public services; measures to develop rural basic public services based on the reality of country. Only in this way can constantly improve the level of rural public service supply and make the results of development benefit all the people more fair.