The Historical Evolution And Enlightenment Ofthe Communist Party Of China’s Rural LandPolicy Formation In New Democracy

During the new democratic revolution period, the issue of farmers’ land was the core issue of the Chinese revolution, upon which the success or failure of revolutionary depended. In a complex revolutionary situation, the Chinese Communist Party combined the basic principle of Marxism with the practical situation of Chinese revolution, and made different rural land policies at different historical stages of new democracy. These policies aroused the enthusiasm of vast farmers to take part in the revolution greatly, abolished the feudal land ownership completely, and laid the foundation for the final victory in the new democratic revolution period. Moreover, they also offer valuable experience and enlightenment for further deepening the reform of rural land system in contemporary china. This text part includes four chapters:The first chapter mainly introduces the historical origin and theoretical basis of the Chinese communist party’s rural land policy formation during the new democratic revolution period. Firstly, it emphasizes that farmers’ desire for the land is the class basis of the rural land policy making and implementing for the Chinese communist party. After that, it points out the thought that "Land to the Tiller" proposed by bourgeois-democracy revolutionaries of China is its direct ideological origin and the Marx’s theory of land ownership is its important theoretical basis.The second chapter briefly presents that the historical evolution of the Chinese communist party’s rural land policy formation during the new democratic revolution period. It sums up that, with the changes of the internal principal contradiction and the development of revolutionary situation, the evolution of the party’s rural land policy has gone through four main phases during the new democratic revolution period. The period of great revolution is the first phase, with the rural land policy known as "restriction on the landlord’s land and the peasant’s payment of land rent"; the period of the agrarian revolution is the second phase, with the rural land policy known as "the peasants’ ownership of the land";the period of the war of resistance against Japan is the third stage, with the rural land policy known as "the landlords to reduce rent and interest and the peasants to pay the reduced rent and interest"; and the period of the liberation war is the fourth phase, with the rural land policy known as "land to the tiller".The third chapter introduces that the basic experience of the Chinese communist party’s rural land policy formation during the new democratic revolution period. By analyzing the experience, this paper proposes that, when making and implementing the rural land, the Chinese communist party must take integrating theory with practice as the basic principle and take farmers’interests as the basic starting point; and further points out that the basic method is investigation and research and the ultimate goal is to promote the development of rural productivity.The fourth chapter summarizes that the contemporary inspirations of the Chinese communist party’s rural land policy formation during the new democratic revolution period. This paper concludes that these policies not only lay the foundation for the final victory in the new democratic revolution period but also offer valuable experience and enlightenment for further deepening the reform of rural land system in contemporary china. In addition, it suggests that three principles should be followed when adjusting and reforming the rural land, i.e., firstly, the actual situation must be taken as the starting point; secondly, safeguarding and realizing farmers’interests must be taken as the core; finally, promoting the development of rural productivity must be taken as the purpose.