Reappraise The Debate Between Plekhanov And Lenin About The October Revolution

As a representative of Marx’s theory, Plekhanov was the guide of Marxism in Russia. He was Lenin’s ideological mentor and revolutionary workers, and later developed into opponents. Lenin is the first person in the world who let Marx ideas into reality. He leaded the October Revolution through Bolshevik and completed the first socialist country, which had made a great influence on Russia and the entire world.The October Revolution is a very important chapter in the history of international communist history. It has an extremely profound significance. However, people argued whether the Revolution is rationality or inevitability to this day. After the February Revolution in Russia in1917, there was a special situation in Russia——two regimes including the bourgeois provisional government and the working class’s the peasantry Soviet existed at the same time. The First World War and the Russian’s defeat in the war gave a lot of pain to the Russian people:underdeveloped economy became more depression, poor peasant and workers were also difficult to survive. The Russian people made the slogan of "peace, land and bread" to let the ruling make a change, In this case, Lenin bold that poverty will make the Russian workers and farmer having more class consciousness and Revolutionary. On the contrary, the Russian bourgeoisie is not reliable, which was inborn weakness. The Russian proletariat parties should seize power and establish the dictatorship of the proletariat. However, Plekhanov argued that Russia didn’t have objective conditions for Revolution in1917, including the level of productivity, people’s cultural quality and international environment.The victory of the October Revolution seems to have a full stop of the debate whether the Russia had conditions for socialist revolution and the dictatorship of the proletariat. After the victory of the October Revolution, Russia didn’t bring a lot of good memories to the Russian people and the world. On the contrary, Russia take effect of the wartime communism, which led the Russian to appeared serious economic recession and the civil war after the October Revolution. And also the Soviet’s socialist democratic was frustrated by Stalin’s authoritarian rule. The world scholars doubts the Revolution once again, and then questioned whether Plekhanov or Lenin was right in the debate. The Soviet Union disintegrated in1991, Plekhanov’s "political will" put the debate to climax in1999once again. The debate continues in twenty-first Century. History can’t backwards. But memory and analysis history can let us understand the society in which we live more clearly. These things will have great reference value for us to construct our socialism.