A Research On The Old-age Requirements And Solutions On The Rural Tmpty-nest Elderly In A Toun,Wei Hai

According to the international standards, China has entered the aging society since1999. With the accelerating process of industrialization, urbanization and modernization, the empty nest crisis is gradually intensified in China that is undergoing social transformation. What’s worse, a series of relevant social problems emerges due to the soaring number of empty nesters, which has caught widespread attention of the government and the public. Compared with cities, rural empty nesters belong to the more disadvantaged, thus more all-round love and support are seriously needed. It is a huge problem in China that how to improve the current status quo of the endowment and promote the quality and level of the endowment in a bid to satisfy the growing demand of rural empty nesters. Therefore, both the in-depth discussion and analysis concerning the endowment demand and raising effective approaches in China have essential theoretical significance and practical value.The particularity of the rural empty nesters determines that its endowment demand that should be multiple-layered and diversified. Based on the theory of social welfare, social support theory and demand theory, and by comprehensive application of literature research and case interview, the author depicts the status quo of rural empty nesters’endowment demand security. The author takes30families of empty nest elders who are living in a town, Weihai, Shandong Province for an example. According to the survey, empty nesters whose children are not living together with them do not satisfy their endowment demand. They are usually faced with the following plights:lack of economic estimate, life care as well as health care, absence of rights protection plus poor mental comfort.With respect to the issue of endowment security, the empty nesters in rural areas in China are facing increasingly sharp contradiction between supply and demand, the co-existence of strong demand and supply shortage. The emergence of this contradiction results from various factors. It mainly includes the following three aspects. First, the model of traditional family supporting is facing severe challenges. Industrialization, urbanization and modernization lead to the transfer of massive rural labor, and one child policy and the lack of traditional filial piety culture make the function of family supporting increasingly weaken. Second, the support of government is still weak, special policy support towards the rural empty nesters is in particular vacancy. Furthermore, the limited public support directly leads to the limited old-age security system, lagging development of pension service and unsound legal supporting system. Thirdly, the objective reality of backward countryside hinders the transformation of elderly-supporting form and the improvement of pension quality. Either "not rich first old" in economic field or "not ready first old " in social field, they both have an severely negative impact on the development of the rural aging cause.Therefore, it is of great necessity for us to establish an endowment security network for the rural empty nesters, which is government-led, social-coordinated, family-supported and individual-fitted. Plus, a comprehensive endowment security system should be gradually set up. First of all, the leading function of the government should be given full play. The government should speed up to establish more perfect security system of the rural endowment security, enhance the support of the rural endowment security’s policies, make perfect the law of endowment security in rural areas, and increase the fiscal revenue for the rural pension service security. Secondly, Social coordination should be highlighted. The government should promote rural community construction and extensive community endowment, and strengthen the construction of old people’s homes, nursing homes and other pension institution’s construction. Then, we must give full play to the support of families. It is necessary to make young people carry forward "filial piety" and provide both economic support and spiritual consolation for the elders. It is beneficial to consolidate and strengthen the function of family endowment. Finally, we must make old people give full play to taking care of themselves. In other words, the elders should develop self-support awareness and improve self-care ability. In addition, we should help them change the traditional concept in a bid to gradually accept the brand-new social pension mode.